ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 11401 First edition 1993-12-01 Plastics Phenolic resins Separation by liquid chromatography Plastiques Résines phénoliques - Séparation par chromatographie en phase liquide OS Reference number ISO 11401:1993(E) No reproduction or networking permited without license from IHS e with ISO Not for Resale ISO11401:1993(E) Foreword ISO (theInternationalOrganization for Standardization)is aworldwide federation of national standards bodies (IsO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IsO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with IsO, also take part in the work. IsO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International a vote. ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Sub-Committee SC 12, Thermosetting materials. Later, this International Standard will become part of a general standard concerning liquid chromatography. ISO1993 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,electronic ormechanical, including photocopying and microfilm,without per- mission in writing from the publisher. International OrganizationforStandardization Case Postale 56 · CH-1211 Geneve 20 · Switzerland Printed in Switzerland !! Not for Resale INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11401:1993(E) Plastics Phenolic resins Separation by liquid chromatography 1 Scope 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, 1.1 This International Standard specifies chromato- through reference in this text, constitute provisions graphic methods for the separation of phenolic resins ofthisInternationalStandard.Atthetimeofpubli intotheircomponentcompounds.Separationtakes cation, the editions indicated were valid. All standards place according to molecular weight and/or polarity. aresubiecttorevision.andpartiestoagreements There are various liquid chromatographic methods: based onthisInternational Standard are encouraged to investigate thepossibility of applyingthe most re- A: Gel-permeation chromatography cent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of cur- B: High-performance liquid chromatography on rently valid International Standards. polar columns IsO 472:1988, Plastics — Vocabulary. C: High-performance liquid chromatography on ISO 10082:1991, Plastics —/ Phenolic resins Defi- non-polar columns nitions and test methods. It is possible to separate a phenolic resin into its components according to molecular size using 3 Definitions method A (gel-permeation chromatography). Whereas freephenolandthesumof thedihydro For the purposes of this International Standard, the xydiphenylmethanes (in novolaks) and various following definitions apply. methylolphenols (in resols) are quantitatively separ- ated in this procedure, high-molecular-weight compo- 3.1 phenolic resin: Generally. a class of resins nents of the resins are only incompletely separated madebythepolycondensation of phenol, its duetothe multitudeof isomers. Methods B and C (high-performance liquid chroma- tones. [isO 472] tography) separate the compounds in the resin ac- 3.2 novolaks: Non-self-curing, soluble, fusible cording to molecular weight and polarity. phenolic resins that remain stable when stored, the Molecular-weighteffectspredominateonpolarsta- phenol nuclei of which are linked primarily by tionary phases (method B), and the effect of polarity on non-polar stationary phases (method C).' These methylene bridges. Novolaks can be made to react further and crosslink by the addition of hardeners; methods also allow quantitative determinationof in heating is also usually necessary. [is0