新的基于APD的水晶桶量热仪 - 概述

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新的基于APD的水晶桶量热仪 - 概述

The new APD-Based Readout of the Crystal Barrel Calorimeter -- An Overview

论文作者

TAPS Collaboration, Honisch, C., Klassen, P., Müllers, J., Urban, M., Afzal, F., Bieling, J., Ciupka, S., Hartmann, J., Hoffmeister, P., Lang, M., Schaab, D., Schmidt, C., Steinacher, M., Walther, D., Beck, R., Brinkmann, K. -T., Crede, V., Dutz, H., Elsner, D., Erni, W., Fix, E., Frommberger, F., Grüner, M., Jude, T., Kalischewski, F., Keshelashvili, I., Krönert, P., Krusche, B., Mahlberg, P., Metag, V., Meyer, W., Müller, F., Nanova, M., Otto, B., Richter, L., Runkel, S., Salisbury, B., Schmieden, H., Schultes, J., Seifen, T., Stausberg, N., Taubert, F., Thiel, A., Thoma, U., Urff, G., Wendel, C., Wiedner, U., Wunderlich, Y., Zaunick, H. -G.

论文摘要

晶体桶是由1380 CSI（TL）闪烁体组成的电磁骑热计，目前安装在CBELSA/TAPS实验中，用于从中介产物中检测衰减产物。为了将检测器整合到触发器的第一级并提高其对中性最终状态的敏感性，晶体桶的读数已升级。新读数在前端使用雪崩光电二极管，并分别针对能量和时间测量的分支进行了双重后端。基于FPGA的集群查找器在小于100 ns的范围内处理整个命中模式。 APD的重要缺点（其增益的温度依赖性）是通过温度稳定和补偿偏置电压供应来处理的。此外，轻脉冲系统允许在光束时测量APD的增长。

The Crystal Barrel is an electromagnetic calorimeter consisting of 1380 CsI(Tl) scintillators, and is currently installed at the CBELSA/TAPS experiment where it is used to detect decay products from photoproduction of mesons. The readout of the Crystal Barrel has been upgraded in order to integrate the detector into the first level of the trigger and to increase its sensitivity for neutral final states. The new readout uses avalanche photodiodes in the front-end and a dual back-end with branches optimized for energy and time measurement, respectively. An FPGA-based cluster finder processes the whole hit pattern within less than 100 ns. The important downside of APDs -- the temperature dependence of their gain -- is handled with a temperature stabilization and a compensating bias voltage supply. Additionally, a light pulser system allows the APDs' gains to be measured during beamtimes.

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