论文标题

首次检测AGN吸积盘的外边缘:NGC 4395的非常快的多播放光学可变性,带有GTC/Hipercam和LT/IO:O:O:O

First detection of the outer edge of an AGN accretion disc: Very fast multiband optical variability of NGC 4395 with GTC/HiPERCAM and LT/IO:O

论文作者

McHardy, I. M., Beard, M., Breedt, E., Knapen, J. H., Vincentelli, F. M., Veresvarska, M., Dhillon, V. S., Marsh, T. R., Littlefair, S. P., Horne, K., Glew, R., Goad, M. R., Kammoun, E., Emmanoulopoulos, D.

论文摘要

我们以利物浦望远镜的低质量AGN NGC 4395的快速(200S采样)UGRIZ光度法,然后在104M GTC上使用HiperCam在104M GTC上使用HiperCam进行非常快的(3S采样)US,GS,RS,RS,IS和ZS同时监视。这些观察结果提供了有史以来最快的AGN多频段光度法和非常精确的滞后测量值。与所有其他AGN不同,GS大量落后于我们,与椎间盘重新加工一致,但与在宽线区域(BLR)中进行重新处理。在长波长下,波长的滞后很少增加,表明对重复处理器的外边缘(out)。我们已经将截短的光盘后处理模型与组合的hipercam和以前的X射线/UV滞后进行了比较。对于正常接受的3.6E5太阳能质量,我们获得了与零自旋,out 〜1700 rg的合理一致性,并且进行了物理动机依赖温度依赖的盘色校正因子(FCOL)。仅当FCOL = 2.4时,较小的4E4太阳能质量才能容纳,这可能是不切实际的。在这种低质量AGN中,椎间盘的自重力可能并不重要,但是遮挡的风可能会提供优势。对于小质量,灰尘升华半径与途径相似,因此风可能是尘土飞扬的。然而,对于更大的质量,升华半径距离更远,因此,线驱动气态风的光学厚度更可能。在两种情况下,BLR的内部边缘都接近ROUT。这些观察结果为截断的AGN光盘提供了第一个良好的证据,并谨慎地表明,截断应包括在混响滞后建模中。

We present fast (~200s sampling) ugriz photometry of the low mass AGN NGC 4395 with the Liverpool Telescope, followed by very fast (3s sampling) us, gs, rs, is and zs simultaneous monitoring with HiPERCAM on the 10.4m GTC. These observations provide the fastest ever AGN multiband photometry and very precise lag measurements. Unlike in all other AGN, gs lags us by a large amount, consistent with disc reprocessing but not with reprocessing in the Broad Line Region (BLR). There is very little increase in lag with wavelength at long wavelengths, indicating an outer edge (Rout) to the reprocessor. We have compared truncated disc reprocessing models to the combined HiPERCAM and previous X-ray/UV lags. For the normally accepted mass of 3.6E5 solar, we obtain reasonable agreement with zero spin, Rout ~1700 Rg, and the DONE physically-motivated temperature-dependent disc colour correction factor (fcol). A smaller mass of 4E4 solar can only be accomodated if fcol=2.4, which is probably unrealistically high. Disc self gravity is probably unimportant in this low mass AGN but an obscuring wind may provide an edge. For the small mass the dust sublimation radius is similar to Rout, so the wind could be dusty. However for the more likely large mass the sublimation radius is further out so the optically-thick base of a line-driven gaseous wind is more likely. The inner edge of the BLR is close to Rout in both cases. These observations provide the first good evidence for a truncated AGN disc and caution that truncation should be included in reverberation lag modelling.

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