论文标题
多相转换塑造了迁移人群的生物多样性
Multiple Phase Transitions Shape Biodiversity of a Migrating Population
论文作者
论文摘要
在各种自然系统中，密切相关的微生物菌株稳定共存，导致高尺度的生物多样性。但是，稳定这种共存的机制尚未完全了解。空间异质性是一种常见的稳定机制，但是生物体在整个异质环境中分散的速度可能会强烈影响异质性提供的稳定作用。一个有趣的例子是肠道微生物组，其中存在活跃的机制来控制微生物的运动并可能保持多样性。我们研究了使用具有异质选择压力的简单进化模型来研究生物多样性如何受到迁移率的影响。我们发现，生物多样性移民率关系是由多个相变的塑造的，包括重进入相位到共存。在每个过渡时，生态型都会灭绝，动力学表现出关键的减速（CSD）。 CSD在由于人口统计学噪声引起的波动统计数据中编码 - 这可能为检测和改变即将灭绝提供了一种实验手段。
In a wide variety of natural systems, closely-related microbial strains coexist stably, resulting in high levels of fine-scale biodiversity. However, the mechanisms that stabilize this coexistence are not fully understood. Spatial heterogeneity is one common stabilizing mechanism, but the rate at which organisms disperse throughout the heterogeneous environment may strongly impact the stabilizing effect that heterogeneity can provide. An intriguing example is the gut microbiome, where active mechanisms exist to control the movement of microbes and potentially maintain diversity. We investigate how biodiversity is affected by migration rate using a simple evolutionary model with heterogeneous selection pressure. We find that the biodiversity-migration rate relationship is shaped by multiple phase transitions, including a reentrant phase transition to coexistence. At each transition, an ecotype goes extinct and dynamics exhibit critical slowing down (CSD). CSD is encoded in the statistics of fluctuations due to demographic noise -- this may provide an experimental means for detecting and altering impending extinction.
