论文标题
BSDF重要性烘烤:一种轻巧的神经解决方案,用于取样一般参数BSDFS
BSDF Importance Baking: A Lightweight Neural Solution to Importance Sampling General Parametric BSDFs
论文作者
论文摘要
参数双向散射分布函数(BSDF)被普遍使用,因为它们的灵活性可以通过简单地调整参数来代表各种材料出现。虽然对参数BSDF的有效评估进行了充分研究,但对于参数BSDF的高质量重要性采样技术仍然很少。现有的采样策略在很大程度上依赖近似值,导致较高的差异,或者仅在整个BSDF切片的一部分上进行采样。此外,许多采样方法专门与某些类型的BSDF配对。在本文中,我们寻求一种有效且一般的方法来实现重要性采样参数BSDF。我们注意到,重要性抽样的性质是统一分布与目标分布之间的映射。具体而言,当给出BSDF参数时,可以简单地将在BSDF切片上执行重要性采样的映射记录为2D图像,我们将其称为“重要性映射”。在观察之后,我们使用名为“最佳传输”的数学工具准确地预先计算了重要性图。然后,我们提出了一个轻型神经网络,以有效地压缩预先计算的重要性图。这样,我们将参数BSDF的重要采样带到了预启动阶段,避免了运行时重量计算。由于此过程类似于预先计算一组图像的轻烘烤,因此我们将方法命名为“重要性烘焙”。与BSDF评估网络和PDF(概率密度函数)查询网络一起,我们的方法可以实现完全多重重要性采样(MIS),而无需对渲染管道进行任何修订。我们的方法基本上执行了非常重要的采样。与以前的方法相比,我们证明了呈现丰富的外观渲染结果的噪声水平降低。
Parametric Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Functions (BSDFs) are pervasively used because of their flexibility to represent a large variety of material appearances by simply tuning the parameters. While efficient evaluation of parametric BSDFs has been well-studied, high-quality importance sampling techniques for parametric BSDFs are still scarce. Existing sampling strategies either heavily rely on approximations, resulting in high variance, or solely perform sampling on a portion of the whole BSDF slice. Moreover, many of the sampling approaches are specifically paired with certain types of BSDFs. In this paper, we seek an efficient and general way for importance sampling parametric BSDFs. We notice that the nature of importance sampling is the mapping between a uniform distribution and the target distribution. Specifically, when BSDF parameters are given, the mapping that performs importance sampling on a BSDF slice can be simply recorded as a 2D image that we name as importance map. Following this observation, we accurately precompute the importance maps using a mathematical tool named optimal transport. Then we propose a lightweight neural network to efficiently compress the precomputed importance maps. In this way, we have brought parametric BSDF important sampling to the precomputation stage, avoiding heavy runtime computation. Since this process is similar to light baking where a set of images are precomputed, we name our method importance baking. Together with a BSDF evaluation network and a PDF (probability density function) query network, our method enables full multiple importance sampling (MIS) without any revision to the rendering pipeline. Our method essentially performs perfect importance sampling. Compared with previous methods, we demonstrate reduced noise levels on rendering results with a rich set of appearances.