论文标题
部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测
The PhotoDissociation Region Toolbox: Software and Models for Astrophysical Analysis
论文作者
论文摘要
储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具，其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而，其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间，然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用，该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明，使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器，即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程，也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后，我们表明，当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声，甚至控制方程变得不准确时，我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测，从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。
The PhotoDissociation Region Toolbox provides comprehensive, easy-to-use, public software tools and models that enable an understanding of the interaction of the light of young, luminous, massive stars with the gas and dust in the Milky Way and in other galaxies. It consists of an open-source Python toolkit and photodissociation region models for analysis of infrared and millimeter/submillimeter line and continuum observations obtained by ground-based and sub-orbital telescopes, and astrophysics space missions. Photodissociation regions (PDRs) include all of the neutral gas in the ISM where far-ultraviolet photons dominate the chemistry and/or heating. In regions of massive star formation, PDRs are created at the boundaries between the H II regions and neutral molecular cloud, as photons with energies 6 eV $ < h ν< $ 13.6 eV photodissociate molecules and photoionize metals. The gas is heated by photo-electrons from small grains and large molecules and cools mostly through far-infrared fine-structure lines like [O I] and [C II]. The models are created from state-of-the art PDR codes that includes molecular freeze-out; recent collision, chemical, and photo rates; new chemical pathways, such as for oxygen chemistry; and allow for both clumpy and uniform media. The models predict the emergent intensities of many spectral lines and FIR continuum. The tools find the best-fit models to the observations and provide insights into the physical conditions and chemical makeup of the gas and dust. The PDR Toolbox enables novel analysis of data from telescopes such as ISO, Spitzer, Herschel, STO, SOFIA, SWAS, APEX, ALMA, and JWST.
