论文标题
最先进的折叠式喷射模拟意味着无法检测到的亚光层中微子
State-of-the-Art Collapsar Jet Simulations Imply Undetectable Subphotospheric Neutrinos
论文作者
论文摘要
越来越多的证据表明，发射折叠喷气机是磁性驱动的。最近对Collapsar的一般相对论磁动力学模拟表明，由于与Cocoon的强烈混合，射流持续装载了重子。这会导致$ \ gtrsim 10^{12} $ cm的高光球。因此，与文献中假定的相反，在光球以下下方的无碰撞内部冲击是不受欢迎的，并且可以防止最深的喷气区域中微子的产生。我们发现，仅在存在无碰撞亚打击或磁重新连接的情况下，亚光层中微子的产生才能发生。在茧，茧爆茧界面或在茧中驱动的冲击时，在茧驱动的情况下，在延伸的包板中停止的情况下，不可能有效的颗粒加速度。这些亚光层中微子具有能量$e_ν\ Lessim 10^5 $ GEV的初始喷气磁化$σ_0= 15 $ - $ 2000 $。预计将在Hyper-Kamiokande和Icecube DeepCore中观察到一个以上的中微子和抗肿瘤事件，对于位于$ Z \ Lessim \ Mathcal \ Mathcal {O}（0.1）$的来源。由于它们的能量，这些中微子不影响由Icecube中微子观测站检测到的扩散通量。我们的发现对中微子搜索的影响从伽马射线爆发到发光的快速蓝色光学瞬变。
Mounting evidence suggests that the launching of collapsar jets is magnetically driven. Recent general relativistic magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of collapsars reveal that the jet is continuously loaded with baryons, owing to strong mixing with the cocoon. This results in a high photosphere at $\gtrsim 10^{12}$ cm. Consequently, collisionless internal shocks below the photosphere are disfavored, and the neutrino production in the deepest jet regions is prevented, in contrast to what has been assumed in the literature. We find that subphotospheric neutrino production could only take place in the presence of collisionless sub-shocks or magnetic reconnection. Efficient particle acceleration is not possible in the cocoon, at the cocoon-counter cocoon shock interface, or at the shock driven by the cocoon in the event of a jet halted in an extended envelope. These subphotospheric neutrinos have energy $E_ν\lesssim 10^5$ GeV for initial jet magnetizations $σ_0=15$-$2000$. More than one neutrino and antineutrino event is expected to be observed in Hyper-Kamiokande and IceCube DeepCore for sources located at $z \lesssim \mathcal{O}(0.1)$. Because of their energy, these neutrinos do not contribute to the diffuse flux detected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Our findings have implications on neutrino searches ranging from gamma-ray bursts to luminous fast blue optical transients.
