论文标题
部分可观测时空混沌系统的无模型预测
Global epistasis on fitness landscapes
论文作者
论文摘要
突变之间的上皮相互作用为自适应景观带来了实质性的复杂性,并且通常被认为对我们预测进化的能力有害。然而,全球上毒的模式,其中突变的适应性效果是由其遗传背景的适应性得到很好预测的,实际上可能有助于我们重建适应性景观并推断适应性轨迹。突变之间的微观相互作用或适应性景观中固有的非线性可能导致全局上学模式出现。在这篇简短的综述中,我们简要概述了有关全球性遗传的最新作品,并着重于建立直觉,以了解为什么经常观察到它。为此,我们将简单的几何推理与最近的数学分析调和,使用它们来解释为什么经验景观中不同的突变可能会显示出不同的全球性上毒模式 - 范围从减少到增加的回报。最后,我们重点介绍了开放的问题和研究方向。
Epistatic interactions between mutations add substantial complexity to adaptive landscapes, and are often thought of as detrimental to our ability to predict evolution. Yet, patterns of global epistasis, in which the fitness effect of a mutation is well-predicted by the fitness of its genetic background, may actually be of help in our efforts to reconstruct fitness landscapes and infer adaptive trajectories. Microscopic interactions between mutations, or inherent nonlinearities in the fitness landscape, may cause global epistasis patterns to emerge. In this brief review, we provide a succinct overview of recent work about global epistasis, with an emphasis on building intuition about why it is often observed. To this end, we reconcile simple geometric reasoning with recent mathematical analyses, using these to explain why different mutations in an empirical landscape may exhibit different global epistasis patterns - ranging from diminishing to increasing returns. Finally, we highlight open questions and research directions.