论文标题
大型干涉仪（生命）：vi。在阳光状星星的可居住区域中检测岩石外球星
Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): VI. Detecting rocky exoplanets in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管先前的研究表明，人们对未来的中红外效应干涉仪空间任务非常偏爱，以检测M矮人周围的Hz中的行星，但我们在这里着重于更保守的方法，以实现可居住性的概念和当前对两个恒星样品的产量估算，这些样本由附近的太阳（d <20 pc）类似的恒星（4800-6300 k）和附近的Stars（4800-6300 k）和附近的fgk-fgk-typep（39）（39）（39）这样的任务。我们的产量估计是基于最近从开普勒任务和我们的寿命系外星观测模拟工具寿命的岩石行星的发生率，其中包括所有主要的天体物理噪声源，但尚无仪器噪声源。根据开普勒结果的悲观或乐观的外推，我们发现在2。5年的搜索阶段，生活可以在〜10-16（平均）或〜5-34（包括1 $σ$不确定性）之间检测到岩石行星（0.5-1.5 r $ $ $ {}} _ \ rmmm {arter {arter} $）in or Outtival of The Ortiptical of The Outtistical HZ and〜4-likectival HZ（〜4）（ （包括1 $σ$不确定性）Exo-Earth候选人（EEC）假设有四个配备了2 M镜子和5％的保守仪器吞吐量的收集器航天器。在D = 3.5 m或1 M镜子的情况下，产量$ y $在大约$ y \ propto d^{3/2} $之后进行了强烈变化。随着较大的FGK型恒星样品，在乐观的Hz中，产率增加到〜16-22（平均）岩石行星，〜5-8（平均）EEC。此外，我们发现，除了镜子直径外，产量还强烈取决于总吞吐量，但仅微弱地取决于外生的尘埃水平和任务的可访问波长范围。当焦点完全放在阳光状的恒星上时，需要较大的镜子（〜3 m，总吞吐量为5％）或更好的总吞吐量（约20％的镜像约为20％，带有2 m反射镜）才能检测一个乐观的Hz中〜30个岩石行星的统计相关样品。
While previous studies have shown a strong preference for a future mid-infrared nulling interferometer space mission to detect planets within the HZ around M dwarfs, we here focus on a more conservative approach toward the concept of habitability and present yield estimates for two stellar samples consisting of nearby (d<20 pc) Sun-like stars (4800-6300 K) and nearby FGK-type stars (3940-7220 K) accessible to such a mission. Our yield estimates are based on recently derived occurrence rates of rocky planets from the Kepler mission and our LIFE exoplanet observation simulation tool LIFEsim, which includes all main astrophysical noise sources, but no instrumental noise sources as yet. Depending on a pessimistic or optimistic extrapolation of the Kepler results, we find that during a 2.5-year search phase, LIFE could detect between ~10-16 (average) or ~5-34 (including 1$σ$ uncertainties) rocky planets (0.5-1.5 R${}_\rm{Earth}$) within the optimistic HZ of Sun-like stars and between ~4-6 (average) or ~1-13 (including 1$σ$ uncertainties) exo-Earth candidates (EECs) assuming four collector spacecraft equipped with 2 m mirrors and a conservative instrument throughput of 5%. With D=3.5 m or 1 m mirrors, the yield $Y$ changes strongly, following approximately $Y \propto D^{3/2}$. With the larger sample of FGK-type stars, the yield increases to ~16-22 (average) rocky planets within the optimistic HZ and ~5-8 (average) EECs. Furthermore, we find that in addition to the mirror diameter, the yield depends strongly on the total throughput, but only weakly on the exozodiacal dust level and the accessible wavelength range of the mission. When the focus lies entirely on Sun-like stars, larger mirrors (~3 m with 5% total throughput) or a better total throughput (~20% with 2 m mirrors) are required to detect a statistically relevant sample of ~30 rocky planets within the optimistic HZ.
