论文标题
光重击地球2.0：衍射极限相关的污染和宜居行星光谱中的不确定性
Photobombing Earth 2.0: Diffraction Limit Related Contamination and Uncertainty in Habitable Planet Spectra
论文作者
论文摘要
观察可能类似地球的可居住系外行星是天文学的关键优先事项，不仅取决于检测到这种世界，而且还确定明显的可居住性签名不是其他来源引起的。旨在观察此类世界的太空望远镜，例如NASA 2020年的天体物理衰落调查的建议，具有衍射有限的分辨率，可有效地从源点周围地区的源中传播光。在这封信中，我们表明6米空间望远镜的衍射极限会导致地球样星球的点扩散功能，该范围可能包含与拟议搜索相关的距离的其他距离系统的额外的意外物体。这些意外的其他物体（例如其他行星和卫星）可以通过产生虚假特征并在光谱中增加额外的不确定性来影响推定可居住行星获得的光谱。一个6米的空间望远镜观察到的地球模型，好像是一个系外行星，表明地球的光将与月球，汞，金星和火星混合在一起，并在不同的时间和不同时间与系统和波长的距离混合在一起。考虑到为了寻找生物签名的潜在可居住行星的真实光谱的重要性，我们强调需要在相关望远镜的开发过程中解释这种效果，并提出一些对这种光重击作用的潜在手段。
Observing habitable exoplanets that may resemble Earth is a key priority in astronomy that is dependent on not only detecting such worlds, but also ascertaining that apparent signatures of habitability are not due to other sources. Space telescopes designed to observe such worlds, such as that recommended by NASA's 2020 Astrophysics Decadal Survey, have a diffraction-limited resolution that effectively spreads light from a source in a region around the source point. In this letter, we show that the diffraction limit of a 6 meter space telescope results in a point spread function of an Earth-like planet that may contain additional unanticipated bodies for systems at distances relevant to proposed searches. These unexpected additional objects, such as other planets and moons, can influence obtained spectra for a putative habitable planet by producing spurious features and adding additional uncertainty in the spectra. A model of the Earth observed by a 6 meter space telescope as though it was an exoplanet shows that the light from the Earth would be blended with the Moon, Mercury, Venus and Mars in various combinations and at different times for numerous combinations of distance to the system and wavelength. Given the importance of extricating the true spectra of a potentially habitable planet in order to search for biosignatures, we highlight the need to account for this effect during the development of relevant telescopes and suggest some potential means of accounting for this photobombing effect.
