论文标题
奇怪的粘度和奇怪的弹性
Odd Viscosity and Odd Elasticity
论文作者
论文摘要
弹性通常是指材料存储能量的能力，而粘度是指材料散发其消散的趋势。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了情况并非如此。这些材料显示出额外的线性响应系数，称为奇数粘度和奇特弹性。我们首先从连续的角度引入奇特的弹性和奇特的粘度，重点是它们丰富的现象学，包括横向反应，修改的脱位动力学和拓扑波。然后，我们提供了显示奇数粘度和奇数弹性的系统的概述。这些系统范围从量子流体到天体物理气体，再到主动和驱动物质。最后，我们对微观机制进行评论，奇怪的弹性和奇怪的粘度会出现。
Elasticity typically refers to a material's ability to store energy, while viscosity refers to a material's tendency to dissipate it. In this review, we discuss fluids and solids for which this is not the case. These materials display additional linear response coefficients known as odd viscosity and odd elasticity. We first introduce odd elasticity and odd viscosity from a continuum perspective, with an emphasis on their rich phenomenology, including transverse responses, modified dislocation dynamics, and topological waves. We then provide an overview of systems that display odd viscosity and odd elasticity. These systems range from quantum fluids, to astrophysical gasses, to active and driven matter. Finally, we comment on microscopic mechanisms by which odd elasticity and odd viscosity arise.
