论文标题
不完整同步期间的同步共识
Synchronous Consensus During Incomplete Synchrony
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了一种用于同步确定性拜占庭共识的算法,可容忍链接失败和链接异步。它关心一类具有特定需求的网络,在安全性和livesice都是必不可少的,及时不可撤销的共识优先于最高吞吐量。该算法通过最多3个啤酒花的间接路径冗余传递消息运行,旨在所有正确的过程在有限的时间内获得系统状态的连贯视图,并在不需要领导者的情况下建立共识。共识涉及交换2*n*n*n非对称身份验证的消息,并耐受<n/2的错误过程。我们表明,在与已知成员的共识系统中:1)可以扩展以串联链接的一小部分和基于八卦的可靠多播的现有概念,以扩展以绕开异步链接,从而将可靠的交付转换为可靠的有限交付。 2)具有有限交付的同步过程的系统不需要领导者 - 来自连接多数的所有正确过程都会得出,并从原子上对系统状态的个人视图提出相同的共识值。 3)对于共识算法的安全,对消息的有限交付不对称身份验证所需的所需。关键发现:在同步和异步之间的整个空间中,在部分同步中达成共识的安全性和可笑性是无效的。同步同步过程的系统,该系统与容易受到异步和故障的培养基上的不对称身份验证的消息通信,可以使用以下操作:1)确定对止损和/或错误链接数量的宽容和/或拜占庭式链接数量的宽容; 2)无界终止的无领导算法; 3)从概念上确保同时安全和有界的伤害。
We present an algorithm for synchronous deterministic Byzantine consensus, tolerant to links failures and links asynchrony. It cares for a class of networks with specific needs, where both safety and liveness are essential, and timely irrevocable consensus has priority over highest throughput. The algorithm operates with redundant delivery of messages via indirect paths of up to 3 hops, aims all correct processes to obtain a coherent view of the system state within a bounded time, and establishes consensus with no need of leader. Consensus involves exchange of 2*n*n*n asymmetrically authenticated messages and tolerates up to < n/2 faulty processes. We show that in a consensus system with known members: 1) The existing concepts for delivery over a fraction of links and gossip-based reliable multicast can be extended to also circumvent asynchronous links and thereby convert the reliable delivery into a reliable bounded delivery. 2) A system of synchronous processes with bounded delivery does not need a leader - all correct processes from connected majority derive and propose the same consensus value from atomically consistent individual views on system state. 3) The required for bounded delivery asymmetric authentication of messages is sufficient for safety of the consensus algorithm. Key finding: the impossibility of safety and liveness of consensus in partial synchrony is not valid in the entire space between synchrony and asynchrony. A system of synchronized synchronous processes, which communicate with asymmetrically authenticated messages over a medium susceptible to asynchrony and faults, can operate with: 1) defined tolerance to number of asynchronous and/or faulty links per number of stop-failed and/or Byzantine processes; 2) leaderless algorithm with bounded termination; and 3) conceptually ensured simultaneous safety and bounded liveness.