论文标题
太阳能颗粒：H和HE丰度的空间范围和含义
Solar Energetic Particles: Spatial Extent and Implications of the H and He Abundances
论文作者
论文摘要
太阳能颗粒（SEP）的电击加速度重要性的最早指标之一是“渐进” SEP事件的广泛空间范围，该事件是由冲击波产生的，由宽，快速的冠状质量弹出（CMES）驱动，由跨太阳延伸，跨太阳在太阳上扩展，并由冲击介导。对比的“冲动” SEP事件，具有3HE和重型元素的特征增强，现在与太阳能喷气机的开放田线上的磁重新连接有关。但是，大型冲击波还可以遍历残留的冲动超颗粒离子和喷气机，可以产生驱动冲击波的快速CME。在这两种情况下，都会以“冲动”的丰度特征和冠状等离子体冲击离子。这些更复杂的事件产生了识别这一过程的“过量质子”，最近，也发现4HE丰度的分布差异取决于种子种群和加速度模式的组合。 4HE丰度的极端差异可能反映出太阳能喷气机采样的冠状区域的丰度的潜在差异，而且令人惊讶的是，Sep Wave样品样本样品的两个种子粒子种群似乎具有单个源的4HE/O比的两倍。
One of the earliest indicators of the importance of shock acceleration of solar energetic particles (SEPs) was the broad spatial extent of the "gradual" SEP events produced as the shock waves, driven by wide, fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs), expand across the Sun with cross-field transport mediated by the shocks. Contrasting "impulsive" SEP events, with characteristic enhancements of 3He and of heavy elements, are now associated with magnetic reconnection on open field lines in solar jets. However, large shock waves can also traverse pools of residual impulsive suprathermal ions and jets can produce fast CMEs that drive shock waves; in both cases shocks reaccelerate ions with the "impulsive" abundance signatures as well as coronal plasma. These more-complex events produce "excess protons" that identify this process, and recently, differences in the distribution of 4He abundances have also been found to depend upon the combination of seed population and acceleration mode. Extreme differences in the 4He abundances may reflect underlying differences in the abundances of the coronal regions being sampled by solar jets and, surprisingly, SEP events where shock waves sample two seed-particle populations seem to have about twice the 4He/O ratio of those with a single source.
