论文标题
海洋盐度对气候的影响及其对地球宜居性的影响
The Effect of Ocean Salinity on Climate and Its Implications for Earth's Habitability
论文作者
论文摘要
大气组成对当今和早期地球气候的影响已经进行了广泛的研究，但是海洋成分的作用受到了较少的关注。我们使用Rocke-3D海洋大气通用循环模型来研究地球当今和大帝气候系统对低海洋盐度的反应。我们发现，由于海洋动力学的变化，盐较大的海洋在很大程度上产生了更温暖的气候。在当今的地球情况下，将海洋盐度从20 g/kg增加到50 g/kg，导致海冰覆盖率降低了71％。同样的盐度变化也将PCO $ _2 $阈值一半，在我们的Archean场景中发生雪球冰川。结合更高含量的温室气体（例如Co $ _2 $和CH $ _4 $），盐的海洋可能允许在杆子上只有季节性冰的温暖的大将地球，尽管从阳光下获得了20％的能量。
The influence of atmospheric composition on the climates of present-day and early Earth has been studied extensively, but the role of ocean composition has received less attention. We use the ROCKE-3D ocean-atmosphere general circulation model to investigate the response of Earth's present-day and Archean climate system to low vs. high ocean salinity. We find that saltier oceans yield warmer climates in large part due to changes in ocean dynamics. Increasing ocean salinity from 20 g/kg to 50 g/kg results in a 71% reduction in sea ice cover in our present-day Earth scenario. This same salinity change also halves the pCO$_2$ threshold at which Snowball glaciation occurs in our Archean scenarios. In combination with higher levels of greenhouse gases such as CO$_2$ and CH$_4$, a saltier ocean may allow for a warm Archean Earth with only seasonal ice at the poles despite receiving 20% less energy from the Sun.
