论文标题

基于单光子的半量子对话

Semi-quantum dialogue based on single photons

论文作者

Ye, Tian-Yu, Ye, Chong-Qiang

论文摘要

在本文中,我们通过使用单个光子作为量子载体提出了两个半量表对话(SQD)协议,其中一个人要求经典党具有测量能力,而另一个则没有此要求。第一个SQD协议中外部前夕的主动攻击的安全性可通过当前半量子密钥分布(SQKD)协议,经典的一次性PAD加密,经典党的随机操作和诱饵光子技术的完全鲁棒性来保证。第一个SQD协议的信息泄漏问题通过经典方的经典基础测量值克服了携带消息的单个光子,这使他与量子方共享其初始状态。经典方的随机操作,当前的SQKD协议的完整鲁棒性和经典的一次性PAD加密可以保证第二平方英尺协议中EVE的主动攻击的安全性。第二平方英尺协议的信息泄漏问题通过量子方的经典基础测量值克服,每两个相邻的单光子携带消息,这使她与古典方共享其初始状态。与传统的抗泄漏QD协议相比,所提出的SQD协议的优势在于它们仅要求一个方具有量子功能。与现有的SQD协议相比,提出的SQD协议的优势在于它们仅使用单个光子而不是两光子纠缠状态作为量子载体。提出的SQD协议可以使用当前的量子技术实施。

In this paper, we propose two semi-quantum dialogue (SQD) protocols by using single photons as the quantum carriers, where one requires the classical party to possess the measurement capability and the other does not have this requirement. The security towards active attacks from an outside Eve in the first SQD protocol is guaranteed by the complete robustness of present semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocols, the classical one-time pad encryption, the classical party's randomization operation and the decoy photon technology. The information leakage problem of the first SQD protocol is overcome by the classical party' classical basis measurements on the single photons carrying messages which makes him share their initial states with the quantum party. The security towards active attacks from Eve in the second SQD protocol is guaranteed by the classical party's randomization operation, the complete robustness of present SQKD protocol and the classical one-time pad encryption. The information leakage problem of the second SQD protocol is overcome by the quantum party' classical basis measurements on each two adjacent single photons carrying messages which makes her share their initial states with the classical party. Compared with the traditional information leakage resistant QD protocols, the advantage of the proposed SQD protocols lies in that they only require one party to have quantum capabilities. Compared with the existing SQD protocol, the advantage of the proposed SQD protocols lies in that they only employ single photons rather than two-photon entangled states as the quantum carriers. The proposed SQD protocols can be implemented with present quantum technologies.

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