论文标题
熵的定律增加和Meissner效应
The law of entropy increase and the Meissner effect
论文作者
论文摘要
熵定律增加假设物理学中不可逆的过程的存在：隔离系统的总熵可以增加但不能减少。由于抗性非零的耐药性，正常金属中电流的歼灭是不可逆转的过程的众所周知的例子。持续电流是在超导体中观察到的未阻尼电流，在过渡到正常状态后歼灭。因此，这种过渡被认为是1933年之前不可逆的热力学过程。但是，如果这种过渡是不可逆的，那么1933年发现的迈斯纳效应是实验证据，表明过程反向不可逆的过程。对熵定律的信仰增加了迫使物理学家改变对超导过渡的理解，这被认为是1933年以后的相变。这种变化导致了传统超导性的内部矛盾，这是在可逆热力学的框架内产生的，但预测了搅拌的热量。持续的电流在过渡到正常状态后，随着焦耳热的产生和返回超导状态的产生，根据该理论重新出现，并违反熵定律的增加。超导力的常规理论考虑了信仰对熵定律的有效性的成功。
The law of entropy increase postulates the existence of irreversible processes in physics: the total entropy of an isolated system can increase but cannot decrease. The annihilation of an electric current in normal metal with the generation of Joule heat because of a non-zero resistance is well-known example of irreversible process. The persistent current, an undamped electric current observed in a superconductor, annihilates after the transition into the normal state. Therefore this transition was considered as irreversible thermodynamic process before 1933. But if this transition is irreversible then the Meissner effect discovered in 1933 is experimental evidence of a process reverse to the irreversible process. Belief in the law of entropy increase forced physicists to change their understanding of the superconducting transition, which is considered a phase transition after 1933. This change has resulted to the internal inconsistency of the conventional theory of superconductivity, which is created within the framework of reversible thermodynamics but predicts Joule heating. The persistent current annihilates after the transition into the normal state with the generation of Joule heat and reappears during the return to the superconducting state according to this theory and contrary to the law of entropy increase. The success of the conventional theory of superconductivity forces to consider the validity of belief in the law of entropy increase.
