论文标题

基于CNN和(BI)LSTM神经网络的时间序列的数据填充方法

A data filling methodology for time series based on CNN and (Bi)LSTM neural networks

论文作者

Tzoumpas, Kostas, Estrada, Aaron, Miraglio, Pietro, Zambelli, Pietro

论文摘要

在从传感器中收集数据的过程中,几种情况会影响其连续性和有效性,从而导致数据的变化或信息丢失。尽管可以使用经典的统计方法(例如类似插值的技术)来近似时间序列中缺少的数据,但深度学习的最新发展(DL)已将创新和更准确的预测技术推动了动力。在本文中,我们开发了两个DL模型,旨在填补数据空白,这是从意大利波尔扎诺的监视公寓获得的内部温度时间序列的特定情况。本工作中开发的DL模型基于卷积神经网络(CNN),长期短期记忆神经网络(LSTMS)和双向LSTMS(BILSTMS)的组合。我们模型的两个关键特征是使用前和后隙数据,以及相关时间序列(外部温度)的开发,以预测目标一个(内部温度)。我们的方法设法捕获了数据的波动性质,并在重建目标时间序列时显示出良好的准确性。此外,我们的模型从另一种DL体系结构中大大改善了本已用作本工作的基线的好结果。

In the process of collecting data from sensors, several circumstances can affect their continuity and validity, resulting in alterations of the data or loss of information. Although classical methods of statistics, such as interpolation-like techniques, can be used to approximate the missing data in a time series, the recent developments in Deep Learning (DL) have given impetus to innovative and much more accurate forecasting techniques. In the present paper, we develop two DL models aimed at filling data gaps, for the specific case of internal temperature time series obtained from monitored apartments located in Bolzano, Italy. The DL models developed in the present work are based on the combination of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Long Short-Term Memory Neural Networks (LSTMs), and Bidirectional LSTMs (BiLSTMs). Two key features of our models are the use of both pre- and post-gap data, and the exploitation of a correlated time series (the external temperature) in order to predict the target one (the internal temperature). Our approach manages to capture the fluctuating nature of the data and shows good accuracy in reconstructing the target time series. In addition, our models significantly improve the already good results from another DL architecture that is used as a baseline for the present work.

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