论文标题
单发量子测量草图量子多体状态
Single-shot quantum measurements sketch quantum many-body states
论文作者
论文摘要
量子测量是我们对由许多显微镜自由度组成的量子系统的眼睛。但是，量子测量值的内在不确定性和指数较大的希尔伯特空间构成了自然障碍，以简单地解释测量结果。我们根据测量结果和一种迭代性有效的汉顿方法提出了一种非线性“测量能”，以有效且一般的方式提取最可能的状态（最大似然估计），从而使非强化可观察到的可观察力并核对更多的量子测量值。我们展示了缺乏吸烟枪标志的随机远程费米模型和Kitaev量子自旋液体模型的多功能性和准确性。我们的研究还为诸如非线性操作员哈密顿量和诸如Hamiltonian父母重建之类的应用等概念铺平了道路。
Quantum measurements are our eyes to the quantum systems consisting of a multitude of microscopic degrees of freedom. However, the intrinsic uncertainty of quantum measurements and the exponentially large Hilbert space pose natural barriers to simple interpretations of the measurement outcomes. We propose a nonlinear "measurement energy" based upon the measurement outcomes and an iterative effective-Hamiltonian approach to extract the most probable states (maximum likelihood estimates) in an efficient and general fashion, thus reconciling the non-commuting observables and getting more out of the quantum measurements. We showcase the versatility and accuracy of our perspective on random long-range fermion models and Kitaev quantum spin liquid models, where smoking-gun signatures were lacking. Our study also paves the way towards concepts such as nonlinear-operator Hamiltonian and applications such as parent Hamiltonian reconstruction.
