论文标题
用明亮和极端类星体的耦合常数约束变异性
Constraining variability of coupling constants with bright and extreme quasars
论文作者
论文摘要
“极端人口A（Xa）类星体接近，有时超过Eddington限制，是一种类星体，可以用作标准的蜡烛，无法测量太大的距离，无法观察到超新星IA型（SNE IA）。对于使用XA类星体作为标准蜡烛，知道如果耦合常数在宇宙时间变化，它们的亮度将如何变化是有益的。或者，当使用SN IA标准蜡烛进行校准时，XA Quasar观测可能会限制耦合常数的变化。我们表明，Xa Quasars的Hubble图提供了与Pantheon数据中SNE IA的Hubble图相同的约束。耦合常数在我们的模型中同时差异，即，光$ c $的速度，重力常数$ g $，planck常数$ h $和Boltzmann常数$ k $的变化与$ G \ g \ g \ g \ gymsim c^{3} \厚度h^3} 3} \ 3} $ gloungsim h^3} \ $ g glunsim c^{3} \ co^3/3/这样确定的约束可以用哈勃常数$ h_ {0} $作为$（\ dot {g}/g）_ {0} = 3（\ dot {c}/c）_ {0} = 3（\ dot {c}/c） （\ dot {k}/k）_ {0} = 5.4H_ {0} = 3.90（\ pm 0.04）\ times 10^{ - 10} yr^{ - 1} $，其中下标0为当前时间。通过与紫外线和X射线排放相关的类星体数据的分析来证实该结论。
The 'extreme Population A (xA) quasars' approaching, sometimes exceeding the Eddington limit, are a type of quasars that could serve as a standard candle to measure distances too large for supernovae type Ia (SNe Ia) to be observable. For using xA quasars as standard candles, it would be beneficial to know how their luminosities would vary if coupling constants varied over cosmic time. Alternatively, when calibrated using SN Ia standard candle, xA quasar observations could constrain the variation of coupling constants. We show that the Hubble diagram of xA quasars provides the same constraint on the constants' variation as the Hubble diagram of SNe Ia from the Pantheon data. The coupling constants vary concurrently in our model, i.e., the variation of the speed of light $c$, the gravitational constant $G$, the Planck constant $h$, and the Boltzmann constant $k$, are interrelated as $G\thicksim c^{3}\thicksim h^{3}\thicksim k^{3/2}$. The constraint thus determined can be expressed in terms of the Hubble constant $H_{0}$ as $(\dot{G}/G)_{0}=3(\dot{c}/c)_{0}=3(\dot{h}/h)_{0}=1.5 (\dot{k}/k)_{0}=5.4H_{0} =3.90(\pm 0.04)\times 10^{-10} yr^{-1}$, where subscript 0 is for the current time. This conclusion is corroborated with the analysis of data on the quasars with correlated UV and X-ray emissions.
