论文标题
量子场理论中的人工动力效应
Artificial Dynamical Effects in Quantum Field Theory
论文作者
论文摘要
在牛顿力学中,惯性伪构造(或虚拟力)出现在非加利利参考框架中研究的系统中;例如,如果在旋转参考框架中分析动力学,则似乎会出现一个离心力。相对论运动学的伽利略不变性等效于庞加莱的不变性;如果在违反庞加莱不变性的框架中研究了一个系统,则相对论量子场理论(QFT)可能会产生类似的人工效应。我们强调了这些问题如何使QFT的传统规范量化变得复杂,并可能导致对自然现象的主观描述。实际上,如果系统涉及强烈的相互作用,则使用规范量化获得客观结果可能会成为一个棘手的问题,因为伪造本质上是非扰动性的。相比之下,使用轻正(LF)量化对同一问题的处理不含伪造伪造,因为庞加莱的不变性很明显。因此,强烈的相互作用问题的处理变得更加简单。这些陈述用几个示例进行了说明:Gerasimov-Drell-Hersn(GDH)关系,QFT的基本特征; Lorentz收缩在高能碰撞中没有任何可测量的影响;真空波动的虚拟特征对宇宙常数。
In Newtonian mechanics, inertial pseudoforces - or fictitious forces - appear in systems studied in non-Galilean reference frames; e.g., a centrifugal force seems to arise if the dynamics is analyzed in a rotating reference frame. The equivalent of Galilean invariance for relativistic kinematics is Poincaré invariance; analogous artificial effects may arise in relativistic quantum field theory (QFT) if a system is studied in a framework violating Poincaré invariance. We highlight how such issues complicate the traditional canonical quantization of QFTs and can lead to a subjective description of natural phenomena. In fact, if the system involves the strong interaction, obtaining objective results can become an intractable problem using canonical quantization because the pseudoforces are essentially nonperturbative. In contrast, the treatment of the same problem using light-front (LF) quantization is free of spurious pseudoeffects because Poincaré invariance is manifest; thus the treatment of strong interaction problems becomes simpler. These statements are illustrated using several examples: the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) relation, a fundamental feature of QFT; the absence of any measurable impact of Lorentz contraction in high-energy collisions; and the fictitious character of vacuum fluctuation contributions to the cosmological constant.