论文标题
镜头揭示的二进制黑洞的均匀恒星起源
A uniform stellar origin for binary black holes revealed by lensing
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管大多数引力浪潮事件被认为是异常大规模的合并，25-65万美元\ odot $，黑洞，但现在很明显，所有报道的事件中有20 \％包括适度的质量黑洞，$ 5-15m__ \ odot $，就像米利奇（Milky Way）的恒星黑洞一样。我们表明，如果可以在高红移，1 $ <$ z $ <$ 5的高速公路上检测到这种出色的质量黑洞二进制（BBH），则可以检测到镜头星系，而chirp群众增加了$ 1+z $，这占了大多数显然高的质量BBH事件。现在可见的BBH chirp群众的明显双峰性表现出了这种简单的镜头解释，其中80 \％的BBH事件集中在$ m_ {chirp} \ simeq 35m_ \ odot $上，$ m_ \ odot $，$ m_ $ m_ $ chirp peak y o o peep $ chiir peep peake，很好地匹配了我们分别对镜头和放大事件的预测。当Chirp Mass排名时，“墓地情节”加强了这种镜头解释，揭示了我们所显示的$ m_ {chirp} \ simeq 10m_ \ odot $在$ m_ {chirp} \ simeq 10m_ \ odot $中，这是由于$ z <0.3 $ ex <0.3 $和lensed Events在$ z> 1 $ 1 $ 1 $ $ z> 1 $ $ z> 1 $ $ z> 1 $ $ z> 1 $ $ z> 1 $ $ z> 1 $ $ z> 1 $ $ z> 1 $ $ z> 1 $中的大红移差异引起的。此外，几乎所有的BBH事件都被认为共享$ m_1/m_2 = 1.45 \ pm0.03 $的组件质量比，表明在所有chirp群众中，BBH事件的共同出现。这种观察到的成分质量均匀性意味着大多数二进制黑洞很少会通过随机捕获来搭配，相反，我们可以得出结论，BBH黑洞的庞大祖细胞通常在原地形成，在整个宇宙时间内通过重力透镜访问。
Although most gravitational wave events are claimed to be mergers of unusually massive, $25-65M_\odot$, black holes, it is now clear that 20\% of all reported events comprise modest mass black holes, $5-15M_\odot$, like the stellar black holes in the Milky Way. We show that such stellar mass black hole binaries (BBH) if magnified by lensing galaxies can be detected at high redshift, 1$< $z$ <$5, with chirp masses increased by $1+z$, accounting for the majority of apparently high mass BBH events. This simple lensing explanation is manifested by the evident bimodality of BBH chirp masses now visible, with 80\% of BBH events in a broad peak centered on $m_{chirp} \simeq 35M_\odot$, and 20\% of BBH events in a narrow, low mass peak at $m_{chirp} \simeq 8.5M_\odot$, matching well our prediction for lensed and unlensed events respectively. This lensing interpretation is reinforced by the "graveyard plot" when ranked by chirp mass, revealing a jump in chirp mass at $m_{chirp} \simeq 10M_\odot$ that we show is caused by the large redshift difference between unlensed events with $z<0.3$ and lensed events above $z>1$. Furthermore, nearly all BBH events are seen to share a component mass ratio of $m_1/m_2=1.45\pm0.03$, indicating a common stellar origin for BBH events across all chirp masses. This observed component mass uniformity implies most binary black holes seldom pair up by random capture, instead we may conclude that massive progenitor stars of BBH black holes typically formed in-situ, in a well defined way over the full span of cosmic time accessed through gravitational lensing.
