论文标题

加权连接的比赛

Weighted Connected Matchings

论文作者

Gomes, Guilherme C. M., Masquio, Bruno P., Pinto, Paulo E. D., Santos, Vinicius F. dos, Szwarcfiter, Jayme L.

论文摘要

匹配的$ m $是$ \ mathscr {p} $ - 如果由$ m $的边缘的端点诱导的子图满足属性$ \ mathscr {p} $,则匹配。作为示例,对于$ \ mathscr {p} $的适当选择,出现了匹配,唯一限制的匹配,连接的匹配和断开连接匹配的问题。对于这些问题中的许多问题,找到最大$ \ mathscr {p} $ - 匹配是一个有意的NP - 硬性问题,除少数例外,例如连接的匹配,该匹配度与通常的最大匹配问题具有相同的时间复杂性。数十年来,已经研究了最大匹配的加权变体,其中包括众所周知的分配问题。由于这一事实的促进,除了最近对无环和诱发匹配的加权版本进行的一些研究,我们还研究了最大连接的匹配。在此问题中,我们希望找到一个匹配的$ m $,以便其边缘的端点顶点引起连接的子图,而边缘权重的总和$ m $则最大。与未加权连接的匹配问题(在Penter Graphs的P中)不同,我们表明,最大重量连接的匹配即使对于有界直径的双分部分图,恒星型图,平面两部分和有界度平面图,而在树木和子尺寸图中可溶解。当我们仅将边缘权重限制为非负面时,我们表明该问题在弦图上是多项式求解的,而在大多数情况下,当权重为负时,它仍然是NP-HARD。我们的最终贡献是对参数化的复杂性。在正面,当通过TreeWidth参数化时,我们会提出单个指数时间算法。在内核化方面,我们表明,即使仅限于二进制权重,加权连接的匹配也不会在标准复杂性理论假设下通过顶点覆盖的参数覆盖时,也不会允许多项式内核。

A matching $M$ is a $\mathscr{P}$-matching if the subgraph induced by the endpoints of the edges of $M$ satisfies property $\mathscr{P}$. As examples, for appropriate choices of $\mathscr{P}$, the problems Induced Matching, Uniquely Restricted Matching, Connected Matching and Disconnected Matching arise. For many of these problems, finding a maximum $\mathscr{P}$-matching is a knowingly NP-Hard problem, with few exceptions, such as connected matchings, which has the same time complexity as usual Maximum Matching problem. The weighted variant of Maximum Matching has been studied for decades, with many applications, including the well-known Assignment problem. Motivated by this fact, in addition to some recent researches in weighted versions of acyclic and induced matchings, we study the Maximum Weight Connected Matching. In this problem, we want to find a matching $M$ such that the endpoint vertices of its edges induce a connected subgraph and the sum of the edge weights of $M$ is maximum. Unlike the unweighted Connected Matching problem, which is in P for general graphs, we show that Maximum Weight Connected Matching is NP-Hard even for bounded diameter bipartite graphs, starlike graphs, planar bipartite, and bounded degree planar graphs, while solvable in linear time for trees and subcubic graphs. When we restrict edge weights to be non negative only, we show that the problem turns to be polynomially solvable for chordal graphs, while it remains NP-Hard for most of the cases when weights can be negative. Our final contributions are on parameterized complexity. On the positive side, we present a single exponential time algorithm when parameterized by treewidth. In terms of kernelization, we show that, even when restricted to binary weights, Weighted Connected Matching does not admit a polynomial kernel when parameterized by vertex cover under standard complexity-theoretical hypotheses.

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