论文标题

在混乱的环境中的最小时间四极管航路点飞行

Minimum-Time Quadrotor Waypoint Flight in Cluttered Environments

论文作者

Penicka, Robert, Scaramuzza, Davide

论文摘要

我们解决了计划在存在障碍物的情况下通过一系列指定的航路点计划的最小时间轨迹的问题,同时利用完整的四型动力学。这个问题对于自动搜索和救援和无人机赛车场景至关重要,但到目前为止,由于机器人社区\ emph {整体}的挑战,由于在存在碰撞造成的非convex限制的情况下最小化时间的挑战。早期作品依赖于简化的动力学或多项式轨迹表示,这些动力学或多项式轨迹表示,这些表示没有利用二次手机的全部执行器电位,因此并没有旨在最小化时间。我们通过使用基于层次的,基于采样的方法来解决这个具有挑战性的问题,该方法具有更复杂的四极管模型。我们的方法首先找到不同拓扑中的路径,以指导随后的轨迹搜索运动动力学点质量模型。然后,它基于基于点质量溶液顶部的完整四极管模型,使用基于功能动力抽样的渐近性,基因动力学抽样的方法,以找到具有时间优势目标的可行轨迹。该提出的方法显示出在混乱的环境中胜过所有相关基线,并在世界上最大的运动捕获系统之一中以超过60 km/h的速度在现实世界中进一步验证。我们发布代码开源。

We tackle the problem of planning a minimum-time trajectory for a quadrotor over a sequence of specified waypoints in the presence of obstacles while exploiting the full quadrotor dynamics. This problem is crucial for autonomous search and rescue and drone racing scenarios but was, so far, unaddressed by the robotics community \emph{in its entirety} due to the challenges of minimizing time in the presence of the non-convex constraints posed by collision avoidance. Early works relied on simplified dynamics or polynomial trajectory representations that did not exploit the full actuator potential of a quadrotor and, thus, did not aim at minimizing time. We address this challenging problem by using a hierarchical, sampling-based method with an incrementally more complex quadrotor model. Our method first finds paths in different topologies to guide subsequent trajectory search for a kinodynamic point-mass model. Then, it uses an asymptotically-optimal, kinodynamic sampling-based method based on a full quadrotor model on top of the point-mass solution to find a feasible trajectory with a time-optimal objective. The proposed method is shown to outperform all related baselines in cluttered environments and is further validated in real-world flights at over 60km/h in one of the world's largest motion capture systems. We release the code open source.

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