论文标题
实时需求响应中需求的集体效应和需求同步
Collective effects and synchronization of demand in real-time demand response
论文作者
论文摘要
可持续能源系统需要灵活的元素来平衡可再生能源的可变性。需求响应旨在使需求适应可变生成，特别是通过时间移动负载。在本文中，我们对许多需求响应单元的集体运作进行了详细的统计分析。我们建立并模拟了使用本地存储系统的实时电力定价响应负载转移的模型。我们表明，需求响应会根据需要驱动负载转移，但也引起了可能威胁系统稳定性的强大集体效应。单个家庭的负载同步，导致了极端的需求峰值。我们提供了对网格负载的详细统计分析，并量化了极端需求峰的可能性和程度。
Sustainable energy systems require flexible elements to balance the variability of renewable energy sources. Demand response aims to adapt the demand to the variable generation, in particular by shifting the load in time. In this article, we provide a detailed statistic analysis of the collective operation of many demand response units. We establish and simulate a model for load shifting in response to real-time electricity pricing using local storage systems. We show that demand response drives load shifting as desired, but also induces strong collective effects that may threaten system stability. The load of individual households synchronizes, leading to extreme demand peaks. We provide a detailed statistical analysis of the grid load, and quantify both the likeliness and extent of extreme demand peaks.
