论文标题
云广播：表征公共云连接
CloudCast: Characterizing Public Clouds Connectivity
论文作者
论文摘要
公共云是过去十年中最繁荣的技术之一。公共云上的主要应用需要全球分布和分布式服务器之间的大量数据交换。为此，主要的云提供商已经投入了数十十亿美元来建立全球跨区域网络基础架构，这些基础设施可以支持高性能通信融入公共云地理区域。在本文中，我们为全面研究和实时监视公共云之间和公共网络特征的实时监控奠定了基础。我们首先展示Cloudcast，这是一个全球且可扩展的测量和分析系统，目前（2019年1月）从三个主要的公共云（AWS，GCPAND AZURE），59个区域，1184 Intra Intra-Cloud和2238 Cross-Cloud链接（每个链接之间的直接连接）中收集数据，相当于3422的连续连续连续连续连续， minute.cloudcast由每个公共云区域，集中控制，测量数据库，分析引擎和可视化工具自动安装的测量代理组成。然后，我们转向分析近一年来收集的延迟测量数据。我们的分析产生令人惊讶的结果。首先，每个公共云都会随着时间的推移表现出独特的链接延迟行为。其次，使用一种新颖的公平评估方法，称为类似的联系，我们比较了这三个云。第三，我们证明，超过50％的所有链接并未通过三角形的方法提供最佳的RTT。三角形还提供了一个框架来绕过瓶颈，不仅使大多数（53％-70％）的跨云连接受益于30％至70％，而且使大部分（29％-45％）内部链接的联系增加了14％-33％。
Public clouds are one of the most thriving technologies of the past decade. Major applications over public clouds require world-wide distribution and large amounts of data exchange between their distributed servers. To that end, major cloud providers have invested tens of billions of dollars in building world-wide inter-region networking infrastructure that can support high performance communication into, out of, and across public cloud geographic regions. In this paper, we lay the foundation for a comprehensive study and real time monitoring of various characteristic of networking within and between public clouds. We start by presenting CloudCast, a world-wide and expandable measurements and analysis system, currently (January 2019)collecting data from three major public clouds (AWS, GCPand Azure), 59 regions, 1184 intra-cloud and 2238 cross-cloud links (each link represents a direct connection between a pair of regions), amounting to a total of 3422 continuously monitored links and providing active measurements every minute.CloudCast is composed of measurement agents automatically installed in each public cloud region, centralized control, measurement data base, analysis engine and visualization tools. Then we turn to analyze the latency measurement data collected over almost a year . Our analysis yields surprising results. First, each public cloud exhibits a unique set of link latency behaviors along time. Second, using a novel, fair evaluation methodology, termed similar links, we compare the three clouds. Third, we prove that more than 50% of all links do not provide the optimal RTT through the methodology of triangles. Triangles also provide a framework to get around bottlenecks, benefiting not only the majority (53%-70%) of the cross-cloud links by 30% to 70%, but also a significant portion (29%-45%) of intra-cloud links by 14%-33%.
