论文标题
受环境温度，CA和非植物P摄入量以及单重白色Leghorn母鸡的体外石灰石溶解度的影响，蛋壳质量和骨状状态
Egg shell quality and bone status as affected by environmental temperature, Ca and non-phytate P intake and in vitro limestone solubility in Single-Comb White Leghorn hens
论文作者
论文摘要
环境温度（ET）通常会改变层的营养摄入量/产量。可能需要利用基于ET的饲料配方来获得最佳性能，壳质量和骨状状态。进行了这项研究，以研究温度，Ca摄入，非植物P（NPP）摄入量以及体外石灰石溶解度（LS）对商用白色Leghorn母鸡的蛋壳质量和骨状状态的影响。随着ET的增加（P低于0.05），卵质量和外壳重量每单位表面积（SWUSA）降低，尤其是当ET为29.7 C（循环平均值ET）或常数ET为32.2 C.喂食较低的较大的粒径较大的粒径石灰岩，而不是高度溶解的石灰石对Swusa产生的有益效果较大，而在较高的swusa中，则在21.1 c时（21 c），但在21.1 c上） c在EXP 1和2中。喂食层245和353 mg NPP/h/d在21.1 C时支持令人满意的骨状态，但是含有高于30 C的层需要额外的50 mg NPP/H/D摄入以支持骨完整性。 EXP 1和2的结果表明，在热中性或温暖的ET中容纳的48周大的层至少需要4.2 g Ca/h/d，以维持最佳的壳质量和骨骼完整性。仅针对饲养的Hens（21.1 C）的母鸡喂养低LS（34.1％的体外溶解度）提高了蛋壳的质量，并且在较高的ET（恒定或循环）下不能提高蛋壳质量。每日NPP的摄入量分别为245 mg/h/d，分别支持21.1 C的最佳卵产生和骨状状态。与鸡蛋的产生相比，骨骼状态可能需要更高的NPP和Ca摄入量，尤其是在老母鸡中。
Environmental temperature (ET) often changes the nutrient intake/output for layers. Changing feed formulations based on ET may need to be utilized to obtain optimum performance, shell quality and bone status. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of temperature, Ca intake, non-phytate P (NPP) intake and in vitro limestone solubility (LS) on egg-shell quality and bone status in commercial White Leghorn hens. Egg mass and shell weight per unit surface area (SWUSA) decreased with increasing ET (p lower than 0.05), especially when ET was 29.7 C (cycling mean ET)or a constant ET was 32.2 C. Feeding layers a low soluble larger particle size limestone instead of a highly soluble limestone produced beneficial effects for SWUSA at the thermoneutral ET (21.1 C) but the beneficial effect was less or disappeared when ET was higher than 26.6 C in EXP 1 and 2. Feeding layers 245 and 353 mg NPP/h/d supported satisfactory bone status at 21.1 C, however layers housed at higher than 30 C needed an additional intake of 50 mg NPP/h/d to support bone integrity. Results of EXP 1 and 2 indicates that 48 week old layers housed in thermoneutral or warmer ET require a minimum of 4.2 g Ca/h/d for maintaining optimum shell quality and bone integrity. Feeding low LS (34.1% in vitro solubility) improved egg shell quality only for hens housed in thermoneutral ET (21.1 C) and did not improve egg shell quality at higher ET (constant or cycling). Daily NPP intake of 245 and 353 mg/h/d supported optimum egg production and bone status at 21.1 C, respectively. A higher NPP and Ca intake may be required for bone status compared to egg production, especially in older hens.
