论文标题
深图标准器:一种用于估计连接脑模板的几何深度学习方法
Deep Graph Normalizer: A Geometric Deep Learning Approach for Estimating Connectional Brain Templates
论文作者
论文摘要
连接脑模板(CBT)是基于标准化的大脑网络群体的标准化表示,也被视为平均连接组。 CBT是在典型和非典型人群中创建代表性大脑连接性图的强大工具。特别是,估计多视图大脑网络人群(MVBN)的以良好为中心和代表性的CBT更具挑战性,因为这些网络位于复杂的流形上,并且没有简单的方法可以融合不同的异质网络视图。除了最近的几项基于连接组之间的关系大多是线性的假设,该问题仍然没有探索。但是,这种假设无法捕获个人之间的复杂模式和非线性变化。此外,现有方法仅由无需任何反馈机制的顺序MVBN处理块组成,从而导致错误积累。为了解决这些问题,我们提出了深图标准器(DGN),这是第一个几何深度学习(GDL)架构,用于通过将其集成到单个连接脑模板中,以使MVBN人群归一化。我们的端到端DGN学习了如何通过利用图形卷积神经网络来捕获跨主题的多视图大脑网络,同时捕获跨主题的非线性模式并保留大脑图拓扑。我们还引入了一个随机加权损耗函数,该损失函数还可以作为常规化器,以最大程度地减少MVBN和估计的CBT之间的距离,从而实施其中心。我们证明,在代表性和可区分性方面,DGN在估算小规模和大规模连接数据集上的CBT方面的现有最新方法显着超过了现有的最新方法(即确定每个大脑网络人群的独特连接性指纹指纹)。
A connectional brain template (CBT) is a normalized graph-based representation of a population of brain networks also regarded as an average connectome. CBTs are powerful tools for creating representative maps of brain connectivity in typical and atypical populations. Particularly, estimating a well-centered and representative CBT for populations of multi-view brain networks (MVBN) is more challenging since these networks sit on complex manifolds and there is no easy way to fuse different heterogeneous network views. This problem remains unexplored with the exception of a few recent works rooted in the assumption that the relationship between connectomes are mostly linear. However, such an assumption fails to capture complex patterns and non-linear variation across individuals. Besides, existing methods are simply composed of sequential MVBN processing blocks without any feedback mechanism, leading to error accumulation. To address these issues, we propose Deep Graph Normalizer (DGN), the first geometric deep learning (GDL) architecture for normalizing a population of MVBNs by integrating them into a single connectional brain template. Our end-to-end DGN learns how to fuse multi-view brain networks while capturing non-linear patterns across subjects and preserving brain graph topological properties by capitalizing on graph convolutional neural networks. We also introduce a randomized weighted loss function which also acts as a regularizer to minimize the distance between the population of MVBNs and the estimated CBT, thereby enforcing its centeredness. We demonstrate that DGN significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods on estimating CBTs on both small-scale and large-scale connectomic datasets in terms of both representativeness and discriminability (i.e., identifying distinctive connectivities fingerprinting each brain network population).