论文标题
精确确定实时确定光子数
Precisely determining photon-number in real-time
论文作者
论文摘要
超导过渡边缘传感器（TES）是极灵敏的微钙化器，用作无与伦比的能量分辨率的光子检测器。他们发现了从测量天文光谱到确定光子数的量子特性的应用，$ \ hat {n} {=} \ hat {a}^†\ hat {a} $，用于0.6-2.33ev的能量。但是，实现最佳能源分辨率需要大量的数据采集（按1GB/min的顺序），然后进行后处理，后处理不允许实时访问能量信息。在这里，我们使用自定义硬件处理器处理TES脉冲，同时仍在注册新的检测过程中，从而可以实时测量光子数，并通过数量级降低数据要求。我们可以解决最高n = 16的光子数 - 在即时飞行的低光子数量中最多达到了每一亿个歧视 - 为从天文学到量子技术的TES探测器的应用提供了转换能力。
Superconducting transition-edge sensors (TES) are extremely sensitive microcalorimeters used as photon detectors with unparalleled energy resolution. They have found application from measuring astronomical spectra through to determining the quantum property of photon-number, $\hat{n} {=} \hat{a}^† \hat{a}$, for energies from 0.6-2.33eV. However, achieving optimal energy resolution requires considerable data acquisition -- on the order of 1GB/min -- followed by post-processing, which does not allow access to energy information in real time. Here we use a custom hardware processor to process TES pulses while new detections are still being registered, allowing photon-number to be measured in real time as well as reducing data requirements by orders-of-magnitude. We resolve photon number up to n=16 -- achieving up to parts-per-billion discrimination for low photon numbers on the fly -- providing transformational capacity for applications of TES detectors from astronomy through to quantum technology.
