论文标题
服务机器人的审议和概念推断
Deliberative and Conceptual Inference in Service Robots
论文作者
论文摘要
服务机器人需要有理由在日常生活情况下支持人们。推理是一种昂贵的资源,每当机器人的期望与世界情况不符并且任务的执行被打破时,应按需使用;在这种情况下,机器人必须执行常识日常生活推理周期,包括诊断发生的事情,确定该怎么做,并诱导和执行计划,以这种行为重复出现,直到可以恢复服务任务为止。在这里,我们研究了实施此周期的两种策略:(1)涉及绑架,决策和计划的管道策略,我们称之为审议的推断,以及(2)使用机器人知识库中存储的知识和偏好,我们称之为概念推断。前者涉及对问题空间的明确定义,该定义是通过启发式搜索探索的,后者基于包括人类用户偏好在内的概念知识,其表示形式需要非单调知识知识的系统。我们比较两种方法的优势和局限性。我们还描述了一个服务机器人概念模型和架构,能够在执行机器人服务任务期间支持日常生活推理周期。该模型以机器人通信和任务结构的声明性规范和解释为中心。我们还显示了该框架在完全自主的机器人Golem-III中的实现。该框架用两个演示方案进行了说明。
Service robots need to reason to support people in daily life situations. Reasoning is an expensive resource that should be used on demand whenever the expectations of the robot do not match the situation of the world and the execution of the task is broken down; in such scenarios the robot must perform the common sense daily life inference cycle consisting on diagnosing what happened, deciding what to do about it, and inducing and executing a plan, recurring in such behavior until the service task can be resumed. Here we examine two strategies to implement this cycle: (1) a pipe-line strategy involving abduction, decision-making and planning, which we call deliberative inference and (2) the use of the knowledge and preferences stored in the robot's knowledge-base, which we call conceptual inference. The former involves an explicit definition of a problem space that is explored through heuristic search, and the latter is based on conceptual knowledge including the human user preferences, and its representation requires a non-monotonic knowledge-based system. We compare the strengths and limitations of both approaches. We also describe a service robot conceptual model and architecture capable of supporting the daily life inference cycle during the execution of a robotics service task. The model is centered in the declarative specification and interpretation of robot's communication and task structure. We also show the implementation of this framework in the fully autonomous robot Golem-III. The framework is illustrated with two demonstration scenarios.