论文标题
两个阶段离线 - 在线资源分配的统一模型
A Unified Model for the Two-stage Offline-then-Online Resource Allocation
论文作者
论文摘要
随着互联网的普及,传统的离线资源分配已演变为一种新形式,称为在线资源分配。它具有系统中代理商的在线到达以及每个在线代理人到达后的实时决策要求。离线和在线资源分配都在各种现实世界中的匹配市场中都有广泛的应用,从乘车共享到众包。有一些新兴的应用程序,例如在乘车共享中重新平衡自行车共享和Trip-Vehicle,其中涉及两个阶段的资源分配过程。该过程包括离线阶段和另一个顺序在线阶段,两个阶段都竞争了相同的资源。在本文中,我们提出了一个统一的模型,该模型将离线和在线资源分配纳入一个框架中。我们的模型在第二个在线阶段中假定在线代理的非均匀和已知到达分布,这可以从历史数据中学到。我们提出了一种基于参数的线性编程(LP)算法,该算法最多最多是最佳的$ 1/4 $的恒定因素。真实数据集的实验结果表明,我们基于LP的方法在鲁棒性和有效性方面优于LP-敏锐的启发式方法。
With the popularity of the Internet, traditional offline resource allocation has evolved into a new form, called online resource allocation. It features the online arrivals of agents in the system and the real-time decision-making requirement upon the arrival of each online agent. Both offline and online resource allocation have wide applications in various real-world matching markets ranging from ridesharing to crowdsourcing. There are some emerging applications such as rebalancing in bike sharing and trip-vehicle dispatching in ridesharing, which involve a two-stage resource allocation process. The process consists of an offline phase and another sequential online phase, and both phases compete for the same set of resources. In this paper, we propose a unified model which incorporates both offline and online resource allocation into a single framework. Our model assumes non-uniform and known arrival distributions for online agents in the second online phase, which can be learned from historical data. We propose a parameterized linear programming (LP)-based algorithm, which is shown to be at most a constant factor of $1/4$ from the optimal. Experimental results on the real dataset show that our LP-based approaches outperform the LP-agnostic heuristics in terms of robustness and effectiveness.