论文标题
关于黑子组及其内部部位的衰减
On the Decay of Sunspot Groups and Their Internal Parts in Detail
论文作者
论文摘要
黑子群的衰变是一个相对未知的领域，因为大多数研究主要集中在黑子或黑子基团的衰减上，而仅用于小样本。作为\ citet {2020apj ... 892..107m}的最新工作的扩展，基于大型验证样本，本研究不仅研究了黑子组衰减的长期行为，而且还研究了各个部分的动力学。本工作的目的是寻找衰减过程的依赖性，以找到修改或有助于衰减的物理条件。该研究基于SOHO DEBRECEN SUNSPOT数据库（SDD）和Greenwich Photoheliographic结果（GPR）的目录以及脱骨光闪光学数据（DPD）。总共考虑了750多个黑子组。已经计算了这些组的总，蒙布拉尔和半月形区域的衰减率，在SDD组的情况下，它们已经计算出针对领先部分和以下部分的计算。衰减速率线性取决于最大面积，在整个周期中，黑子组和半月的30-50 msh/天和umbrae的5-10 msh/天不等。在Gnevyshev间隙期间，衰减率显着下降，并在上升/下降阶段显示4+4 schwabe周期性变化，但在北半球始终更高。活动范围内的衰减速率略有下降。
The decay of sunspot groups is a relatively unknown field since most studies have focused mainly on the decay of sunspots or sunspot groups, but only on small samples. As an extension of the recent work of \citet{2020ApJ...892..107M} which is based on a large verified sample, this study investigates not only the long-term behavior of the decay of sunspot groups but also the dynamics of their parts. The aim of the present work is to search for dependencies of the decay process in order to find physical conditions that modify or contribute to the decay. The investigations are based on the catalog of SoHO Debrecen Sunspot Database (SDD ) and the Greenwich Photoheliographic Results (GPR) as well as the Debrecen Photoheliographic Data (DPD). Altogether more than 750 sunspot groups were considered. The decay rates have been calculated for the total, umbral and penumbral area of the groups and in the case of the SDD's groups they have been calculated for both the leading and the following parts. The decay rates depend linearly on the maximum areas and ranged from 30-50 MSH/day for the sunspot groups and penumbrae and 5-10 MSH/day for the umbrae throughout the cycle. The decay rates fall significantly during the Gnevyshev gap and show 4+4 Schwabe cyclical variations in the ascending/descending phases, but it is always higher in the northern hemisphere. There is a slight decrease of the decay rates in the activity range toward higher latitudes.
