论文标题
意识的理论计算机科学观点
A Theoretical Computer Science Perspective on Consciousness
论文作者
论文摘要
一旦哲学家和神学家的权限，人们就会被许多条纹的科学家积极追求。本文从理论计算机科学的角度研究意识。它正式化了全球工作空间理论（GWT），该理论由认知神经科学家伯纳德·巴尔斯（Bernard Baars）源自他，斯坦尼斯拉斯·德海恩（Stanislas Dehaene）等。我们的主要贡献在于有意识的图灵机（CTM）的精确形式定义，也称为有意识的AI。我们本着艾伦·图灵（Alan Turing）对计算机（Turing Machine（TM））的简单而有力的定义来定义CTM。我们不是在寻找大脑或认知的复杂模型，而是为了（公认的复杂）意识概念的简单模型。在正式定义CTM之后，我们对CTM中的意识进行正式定义。然后，我们建议CTM为什么具有意识感。定义和解释的合理性可以通过他们与普遍公认的人类意识的直觉概念的能力，该模型轻松自然地解释的相关概念的广度以及其与科学证据的一致性的程度来判断。
The quest to understand consciousness, once the purview of philosophers and theologians, is now actively pursued by scientists of many stripes. This paper studies consciousness from the perspective of theoretical computer science. It formalizes the Global Workspace Theory (GWT) originated by cognitive neuroscientist Bernard Baars and further developed by him, Stanislas Dehaene, and others. Our major contribution lies in the precise formal definition of a Conscious Turing Machine (CTM), also called a Conscious AI. We define the CTM in the spirit of Alan Turing's simple yet powerful definition of a computer, the Turing Machine (TM). We are not looking for a complex model of the brain nor of cognition but for a simple model of (the admittedly complex concept of) consciousness. After formally defining CTM, we give a formal definition of consciousness in CTM. We then suggest why the CTM has the feeling of consciousness. The reasonableness of the definitions and explanations can be judged by how well they agree with commonly accepted intuitive concepts of human consciousness, the breadth of related concepts that the model explains easily and naturally, and the extent of its agreement with scientific evidence.
