论文标题

在支持学习的社交网络上

On social networks that support learning

论文作者

Arieli, Itai, Sandomirskiy, Fedor, Smorodinsky, Rann

论文摘要

众所周知,社交网络的结构对于代理是否可以正确汇总信息至关重要。在本文中,我们研究了社交网络,这些社交网络在依次和不可撤销地采取行动时支持信息汇总。除其他外,信息是否取决于代理商决定的顺序。因此,为了使顺序和拓扑结构,我们的模型研究了随机到达顺序。 与固定到达顺序的情况不同,在我们的模型中,代理商的决定不太可能受到网络中远离他的人的影响。该观察结果使我们能够确定当地的学习要求,这是代理商社区的自然条件,可以确保该代理人做出正确的决定(概率很高),无论其他代理人的表现如何。粗略地说,代理应该属于许多相互排斥的社会圈子。 我们通过构建一个社交网络家庭来说明当地学习要求的力量,尽管该家族没有代理人是社交中心(换句话说,没有意见领导者)。尽管社会学习文献的共同智慧表明信息的聚集非常脆弱,但当地学习要求的另一种应用表明,即使很大一部分代理人不参与学习过程,学习也占上风。在技​​术层面上,我们构建的网络依赖于扩展器图的理论,即具有高度连接的稀疏图,其应用程序从纯数学到错误校正校正代码。

It is well understood that the structure of a social network is critical to whether or not agents can aggregate information correctly. In this paper, we study social networks that support information aggregation when rational agents act sequentially and irrevocably. Whether or not information is aggregated depends, inter alia, on the order in which agents decide. Thus, to decouple the order and the topology, our model studies a random arrival order. Unlike the case of a fixed arrival order, in our model, the decision of an agent is unlikely to be affected by those who are far from him in the network. This observation allows us to identify a local learning requirement, a natural condition on the agent's neighborhood that guarantees that this agent makes the correct decision (with high probability) no matter how well other agents perform. Roughly speaking, the agent should belong to a multitude of mutually exclusive social circles. We illustrate the power of the local learning requirement by constructing a family of social networks that guarantee information aggregation despite that no agent is a social hub (in other words, there are no opinion leaders). Although the common wisdom of the social learning literature suggests that information aggregation is very fragile, another application of the local learning requirement demonstrates the existence of networks where learning prevails even if a substantial fraction of the agents are not involved in the learning process. On a technical level, the networks we construct rely on the theory of expander graphs, i.e., highly connected sparse graphs with a wide range of applications from pure mathematics to error-correcting codes.

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