论文标题

在尖峰神经元网络中的工作记忆形成,并伴有星形胶质细胞

Formation of working memory in a spiking neuron network accompanied by astrocytes

论文作者

Gordleeva, Susanna Yu., Tsybina, Yulia A., Krivonosov, Mikhail I., Ivanchenko, Mikhail V., Zaikin, Alexey A., Kazantsev, Victor B., Gorban, Alexander N.

论文摘要

我们提出了一个与星形胶质细胞网络相互作用的尖峰神经元网络(SNN)实现的工作记忆(WM)的生物学上合理的计算模型。 SNN由具有非特异性体系结构拓扑结构的突触耦合Izhikevich神经元建模。星形胶质细胞生成钙信号通过局部间隙连接扩散耦合连接,并通过化学物质在细胞外空间中与神经元相互作用。钙升高是由于尖峰神经元释放的神经递质浓度的增加而发生的,当它们中的一组发射相干时。反过来,神经夹子通过活化的星形胶质细胞释放,该星形胶质细胞调节相应的神经元组突触连接的强度。输入信息被编码为刺激神经元的短施加电流脉冲的二维模式。输出取自相应神经元的瞬时放电频率。我们展示了如何将一组具有相当重要的重叠区域的信息模式上传到神经元 - 腹膜网络中并存储几秒钟。信息检索是通过应用提示模式来组织的,该图案代表噪声扭曲的存储器集中的模式。我们发现,对于多项目WM任务,可以成功检索召回模式与理想模式之间的相关水平超过90%。在分析了WM形成的动力学机制之后,我们发现以十几秒钟的时间尺度运行的星形胶质细胞可以成功地存储与信息模式相对应的神经元激活的痕迹。在检索阶段,星形胶质细胞网络选择性调节SNN中的突触连接,从而成功召回。所提出的WM模型的信息和动态特征与经典概念和其他WM模型一致。

We propose a biologically plausible computational model of working memory (WM) implemented by the spiking neuron network (SNN) interacting with a network of astrocytes. SNN is modelled by the synaptically coupled Izhikevich neurons with a non-specific architecture connection topology. Astrocytes generating calcium signals are connected by local gap junction diffusive couplings and interact with neurons by chemicals diffused in the extracellular space. Calcium elevations occur in response to the increase of concentration of a neurotransmitter released by spiking neurons when a group of them fire coherently. In turn, gliotransmitters are released by activated astrocytes modulating the strengths of synaptic connections in the corresponding neuronal group. Input information is encoded as two-dimensional patterns of short applied current pulses stimulating neurons. The output is taken from frequencies of transient discharges of corresponding neurons. We show how a set of information patterns with quite significant overlapping areas can be uploaded into the neuron-astrocyte network and stored for several seconds. Information retrieval is organised by the application of a cue pattern representing the one from the memory set distorted by noise. We found that successful retrieval with level of the correlation between recalled pattern and ideal pattern more than 90% is possible for multi-item WM task. Having analysed the dynamical mechanism of WM formation, we discovered that astrocytes operating at a time scale of a dozen of seconds can successfully store traces of neuronal activations corresponding to information patterns. In the retrieval stage, the astrocytic network selectively modulates synaptic connections in SNN leading to the successful recall. Information and dynamical characteristics of the proposed WM model agrees with classical concepts and other WM models.

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