论文标题
西海岸森林火灾排放对大气环境的影响：耦合的卫星和地面评估
Effects of West Coast forest fire emissions on atmospheric environment: A coupled satellite and ground-based assessment
论文作者
论文摘要
森林大火对整个生态系统的大气环境和空气质量产生了深远的影响。美国最近的西海岸森林大火（美国）打破了过去的所有记录，并造成了严重的环境和公共卫生负担。截至9月中旬，烧毁了近600万英亩的森林地区，到目前为止，据报道有25多人伤亡。在这项研究中，卫星和原位空气污染数据都被用来检查这种前所未有的野火对大气环境的影响。总共六种空气污染物的时空浓度，即一氧化碳（CO），二氧化氮（NO2），二氧化硫（SO2），臭氧（O3），颗粒物（PM2.5和PM10和PM10）和气溶胶指数（AI）的时间为158年8月15日（均为1520年）（均为1520年）（均为1520年），并衡量了2020年的时间（量）。原位数据主导的测量结果表明，在9月15日至9月15日，将CO（PPM），PM2.5和PM10浓度（μg/m3）的最高增加（PPM）和PM10浓度（μg/m3）聚集在易于西海岸火灾的州周围。在俄勒冈州（1147.10），其次是华盛顿（812.76）和加利福尼亚州（13.17）的平均CO浓度（PPM）最显着增加。同时，在所有三个状态下，颗粒物质（PM2.5和PM10）中的浓度（μg/m3）在受野火严重影响的所有三个州中都增加了。在华盛顿的PM2.5和PM10的变化最高（PM2.5和PM10的45.83和88.47），其次是俄勒冈州（PM2.5和PM10的41.99和62.75），加利福尼亚州（PM2.5和PM2.5和PM10）和加利福尼亚州（31.27和35.04）。所有三个易火状态的平均暴露于CO，PM2.5和PM10的水平也得到了测量。暴露评估的结果表明，荒地火灾与地方/区域空气质量标准之间存在牢固的权衡联想。
Forest fires have a profound impact on the atmospheric environment and air quality across the ecosystems. The recent west coast forest fire in the United States of America (USA) has broken all the past records and caused severe environmental and public health burdens. As of middle September, nearly 6 million acres forest area were burned, and more than 25 casualties were reported so far. In this study, both satellite and in-situ air pollution data were utilized to examine the effects of this unprecedented wildfire on the atmospheric environment. The spatiotemporal concentrations of total six air pollutants, i.e. carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), and aerosol index (AI), were measured for the periods of 15 August to 15 September for 2020 (fire year) and 2019 (reference year). The in-situ data-led measurements show that the highest increases in CO (ppm), PM2.5, and PM10 concentrations (μg/m3) were clustered around the west coastal fire-prone states, during the 15 August - 15 September period. The average CO concentration (ppm) was increased most significantly in Oregon (1147.10), followed by Washington (812.76), and California (13.17). Meanwhile, the concentration (μg/m3) in particulate matter (both PM2.5 and PM10), was increased in all three states affected severely by wildfires. Changes (positive) in both PM2.5 and PM10 were measured highest in Washington (45.83 and 88.47 for PM2.5 and PM10), followed by Oregon (41.99 and 62.75 for PM2.5 and PM10), and California (31.27 and 35.04 for PM2.5 and PM10). The average level of exposure to CO, PM2.5, and PM10 was also measured for all the three fire-prone states. The results of the exposure assessment revealed a strong tradeoff association between wildland fire and local/regional air quality standard.
