论文标题
超导涡流结合状态的拓扑相变
Topological Phase Transitions of Superconducting Vortex Bound States Driven by Impurities
论文作者
论文摘要
我们表明，磁性或非磁性（弱或强弱）的标准杂质会导致传统S波超导体的涡流核心内部拓扑相变。由于涡流岩心中库珀对的非零角动量，以二维超导体结合的涡流状态对杂质敏感，其方式与磁杂质引起的Yu-Shiba-Rusinov结合状态相似。在三个维度的情况下，涡旋结合状态可以通过涡流核心内的杂质链驱动到拓扑的非平凡相。该系统可以托管Majorana模式，包括位于涡旋线末端的Majoraana零模式以及沿涡旋线沿线的传播Majorana模式。这些结果表明，超导涡流可能是实现Majorana模式的最简单平台。
We show that standard impurities, magnetic or nonmagnetic, weak or strong, can cause topological phase transitions inside the vortex cores of a conventional s-wave superconductor. Because of the nonzero angular momentum of Cooper pairs in the vortex cores, the vortex bound states in a two dimensional superconductor are sensitive to impurities in a way similar to the Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound states induced by magnetic impurities. In three dimensional cases, the vortex bound states can be driven into topologically nontrivial phases by an impurity chain inside the vortex core. The system can host Majorana modes including the Majorana zero modes localized at the end of the vortex line and the propagating Majorana modes along the vortex line. These results suggest that the superconducting vortex can be the simplest platform to realize Majorana modes.
