论文标题
在光学域中进行精确场感测的原子光纠缠
Atom-light entanglement for precise field sensing in the optical domain
论文作者
论文摘要
由于空腔模式与原子集合的同时相互作用，被困在光腔中的冷原子的宏观阵列可以达到强大的原子集体耦合方案。在最近的一项工作中，我们报道了一项协议，该方案利用了腔QED系统中的强和集体原子 - 光相互作用，用于光学域中的精确电场感应。我们表明，在当前的腔量QED实验中，使用长寿命的碱 - 地球原子运行的当前腔量量限制，它可以提供比标准量子限制的$ 10 $ -20 $ 〜dB之间的收益。在这里，我们使用精确的分析计算和数值模拟对协议进行了更深入的讨论，并描述了预测的增强在当前实验中彻底考虑光子损失和自发发射的确切条件。这里提供的分析不仅可以基于腔QED阵列中的协议及其实用性，而且还设置了其在其他实验平台（例如被困离子阵列）中所需的条件。
Macroscopic arrays of cold atoms trapped in optical cavities can reach the strong atom-light collective coupling regime thanks to the simultaneous interactions of the cavity mode with the atomic ensemble. In a recent work we reported a protocol that takes advantage of the strong and collective atom-light interactions in cavity QED systems for precise electric field sensing in the optical domain. We showed that it can provide between $10$-$20$~dB of metrological gain over the standard quantum limit in current cavity QED experiments operating with long-lived alkaline-earth atoms. Here, we give a more in depth discussion of the protocol using both exact analytical calculations and numerical simulations, and describe the precise conditions under which the predicted enhancement holds after thoroughly accounting for both photon loss and spontaneous emission, natural decoherence mechanisms in current experiments. The analysis presented here not only serves to benchmark the protocol and its utility in cavity QED arrays but also sets the conditions required for its applicability in other experimental platforms such as arrays of trapped ions.
