论文标题
欺骗对策和自动扬声器验证的串联评估：基本面
Tandem Assessment of Spoofing Countermeasures and Automatic Speaker Verification: Fundamentals
论文作者
论文摘要
近年来，越来越多的努力为开发欺骗对策（CMS），以保护自动扬声器验证（ASV）系统免于被操纵或人工投入欺骗。通常，使用均等错误率（EER）度量来测量欺骗CMS的可靠性。原始EER未能反映应用要求和欺骗和CMS对ASV的影响及其在传统ASV研究中用作主要指标的影响，长期以来已经放弃了基于风险的评估方法。本文介绍了串联检测成本函数（T-DCF）的几个新扩展，这是一种基于风险的方法，用于评估欺骗与ASV系统串联的CMS的可靠性。扩展包括具有较少参数的T-DCF的简化版本，对固定ASV系统的特殊情况的分析，模拟，该模拟为其解释提供了原始见解，并使用ASVSPOOF 2019数据库进行了新的分析。希望通过T-DCF进行CM评估，将有助于促进反企业和ASV研究社区之间更紧密的合作。
Recent years have seen growing efforts to develop spoofing countermeasures (CMs) to protect automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems from being deceived by manipulated or artificial inputs. The reliability of spoofing CMs is typically gauged using the equal error rate (EER) metric. The primitive EER fails to reflect application requirements and the impact of spoofing and CMs upon ASV and its use as a primary metric in traditional ASV research has long been abandoned in favour of risk-based approaches to assessment. This paper presents several new extensions to the tandem detection cost function (t-DCF), a recent risk-based approach to assess the reliability of spoofing CMs deployed in tandem with an ASV system. Extensions include a simplified version of the t-DCF with fewer parameters, an analysis of a special case for a fixed ASV system, simulations which give original insights into its interpretation and new analyses using the ASVspoof 2019 database. It is hoped that adoption of the t-DCF for the CM assessment will help to foster closer collaboration between the anti-spoofing and ASV research communities.
