论文标题
嵌入式离散裂缝的多孔介质中的耦合多相流和地质力学的仿真
Simulation of coupled multiphase flow and geomechanics in porous media with embedded discrete fractures
论文作者
论文摘要
在断裂的天然地层中,控制流体流量和地质力学的方程是强烈的。流体动力学特性取决于机械构型,因此很难使用未偶联的方法准确地解决。近年来,重大研究集中在这些耦合系统的离散策略上,特别是在存在复杂的断裂网络几何形状的情况下。在这项工作中,我们探讨了多相流动方程的有限体积离散化,并与机械方程的有限元方案结合在一起。裂缝被视为嵌入背景网格中的较低维表面。使用嵌入式离散断裂模型(EDFM)和嵌入式有限元法(EFEM)分别用于流动和力学的嵌入式有限元方法(EFEM)捕获相互作用。这种不合格的方法大大减轻了网络挑战的挑战。 EDFM认为断裂是较低的尺寸有限体积,可与岩石基质细胞交换通量。 EFEM方法相反,通过断裂元件切割的每个基质单元格内部有限元空间的局部富集。研究了分段常数和分段线性富集的使用。它们还与扩展有限元(XFEM)方法进行了比较。 EFEM的一个主要优点是富集的基于元素的性质,它降低了实现的几何复杂性,并导致具有有利属性的线性系统。提出了合成数值测试以研究所提出方法的收敛性和准确性。它也适用于现实情况,涉及具有复杂断裂分布的异质储层,以证明其与现场应用的相关性。
In fractured natural formations, the equations governing fluid flow and geomechanics are strongly coupled. Hydrodynamical properties depend on the mechanical configuration, and they are therefore difficult to accurately resolve using uncoupled methods. In recent years, significant research has focused on discretization strategies for these coupled systems, particularly in the presence of complicated fracture network geometries. In this work, we explore a finite-volume discretization for the multiphase flow equations coupled with a finite-element scheme for the mechanical equations. Fractures are treated as lower dimensional surfaces embedded in a background grid. Interactions are captured using the Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (EDFM) and the Embedded Finite Element Method (EFEM) for the flow and the mechanics, respectively. This non-conforming approach significantly alleviates meshing challenges. EDFM considers fractures as lower dimension finiten volumes which exchange fluxes with the rock matrix cells. The EFEM method provides, instead, a local enrichment of the finite-element space inside each matrix cell cut by a fracture element. Both the use of piecewise constant and piecewise linear enrichments are investigated. They are also compared to an Extended Finite Element (XFEM) approach. One key advantage of EFEM is the element-based nature of the enrichment, which reduces the geometric complexity of the implementation and leads to linear systems with advantageous properties. Synthetic numerical tests are presented to study the convergence and accuracy of the proposed method. It is also applied to a realistic scenario, involving a heterogeneous reservoir with a complex fracture distribution, to demonstrate its relevance for field applications.