论文标题
与纠缠原子干涉法中错误的表征
Characterization of Errors in Interferometry with Entangled Atoms
论文作者
论文摘要
产生中性原子的纠缠旋转状态的最新进展为推进量子传感技术提供了机会。特别是，纠缠可以增强基于光原子干涉法的加速度计和重量表的性能。我们研究了可能限制此类设备灵敏度的误差源的影响，包括制备初始纠缠状态的误差，激光脉冲中的瑕疵，初始原子波数据包的动量扩散，测量误差，自发发射和原子损失。 We determine that, for each of these errors, the expectation value of the parity operator $Π$ has the general form, $\overline{\langle Π\rangle} = Π_0 \cos( N ϕ)$, where $ϕ$ is the interferometer phase and $N$ is the number of atoms prepared in the maximally entangled Greenberger--Horne--Zeilinger state.相应地，最小相位不确定性具有一般形式，$ δϕ =（π_0n）^{ - 1} $。每个错误都通过减少奇偶校验振荡的幅度（$π_0$）的幅度低于$π_0= 1 $的理想值来表现出来。对于每个错误，我们得出一个分析结果，该结果表达$π_0$对错误参数和$ n $的依赖性，并且在错误很小时也获得了简化的近似表达式。基于执行的分析，纠缠增强的原子干涉法似乎与现有的实验能力可行。
Recent progress in generating entangled spin states of neutral atoms provides opportunities to advance quantum sensing technology. In particular, entanglement can enhance the performance of accelerometers and gravimeters based on light-pulse atom interferometry. We study the effects of error sources that may limit the sensitivity of such devices, including errors in the preparation of the initial entangled state, imperfections in the laser pulses, momentum spread of the initial atomic wave packet, measurement errors, spontaneous emission, and atom loss. We determine that, for each of these errors, the expectation value of the parity operator $Π$ has the general form, $\overline{\langle Π\rangle} = Π_0 \cos( N ϕ)$, where $ϕ$ is the interferometer phase and $N$ is the number of atoms prepared in the maximally entangled Greenberger--Horne--Zeilinger state. Correspondingly, the minimum phase uncertainty has the general form, $Δϕ= (Π_0 N)^{-1}$. Each error manifests itself through a reduction of the amplitude of the parity oscillations, $Π_0$, below the ideal value of $Π_0 = 1$. For each of the errors, we derive an analytic result that expresses the dependence of $Π_0$ on error parameter(s) and $N$, and also obtain a simplified approximate expression valid when the error is small. Based on the performed analysis, entanglement-enhanced atom interferometry appears to be feasible with existing experimental capabilities.
