论文标题

室温光学挤压器

A room temperature optomechanical squeezer

论文作者

Aggarwal, Nancy

论文摘要

当前限制重力波(GW)检测器的噪声源之一来自光的量子性质,导致不确定的振幅和相位。相位不确定性限制了干涉测量的精度。该测量还受到量子压力波动引起的振幅不确定性(QRPN)引起的量子反作用。为了降低这种量子噪声,GW探测器计划使用挤压光注射。在本文中,我专注于使用辐射压介导的光力(OM)相互作用来产生挤压光。通过使用OM相互作用来创建挤压状态,可实现与波长无关的挤压光源,这些光源也可能比传统上使用的非线性晶体更紧凑,更健壮。我们使用现实的缺陷(损失和经典噪声)分析系统,并使用概念设计实验,以在室温下在广泛的音频频带中获得最大的挤压。这涉及对腔的光学特性和振荡器的机械性能的优化。然后,我们显示其实验实现,随后对QRPN以及OM挤压进行了观察。这些是对室温振荡器运动被真空波动淹没的首次直接观察。这在与GW探测器有关的低频带中显示了这一点,但提出了自己的技术挑战,因此以前从未进行过。处于背景为主导的状态以及优化的光学特性,也使我们能够观察到OM挤压。这是对室温OM系统中量子噪声抑制的第一个直接观察。它也是音频频段中量子相关性的第一个直接证据,在非共鸣频率下的宽带中。

One of the noise sources that currently limits gravitational wave (GW) detectors comes from the quantum nature of the light causing uncertain amplitude and phase. Phase uncertainty limits the precision of an interferometric measurement. This measurement is also subject to quantum back-action, caused by the radiation pressure force fluctuations produced by the amplitude uncertainty (QRPN). In order to lower this quantum noise, GW detectors plan to use squeezed light injection. In this thesis, I focus on using radiation-pressure-mediated optomechanical (OM) interaction to generate squeezed light. Creating squeezed states by using OM interaction enables wavelength-independent squeezed light sources that may also be more compact and robust than traditionally used non-linear crystals. We analyze the system with realistic imperfections (losses & classical noise), and use the concepts to design an experiment to obtain the most possible squeezing in a broad audio-frequency band at room temperature. This involves an optimization for the optical properties of the cavity and the mechanical properties of the oscillator. We then show its experimental implementation, and subsequent observation of QRPN as well as OM squeezing. These are the first ever direct observations of a room temperature oscillator's motion being overwhelmed by vacuum fluctuations. This is shown in the low frequency band, which is relevant to GW detectors, but poses its own technical challenges, and hence has not been done before. Being in the back-action dominated regime along with optimized optical properties has also enabled us to observe OM squeezing. That is the first direct observation of quantum noise suppression in a room temperature OM system. It is also the first direct evidence of quantum correlations in the audio frequency band, in a broad band at non-resonant frequencies.

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