论文标题
量子重力中总体相对论的多重可实现性
The multiple realizability of general relativity in quantum gravity
论文作者
论文摘要
如果量子引力理论可以在理论的一定范围内恢复一般相对论，它是否必须具有一定的道理？本文通过表明一般相对论在量子重力中可以实现，以否定的方式回答了这个问题。该论点的灵感来自时空功能主义 - 多个可实现性是功能主义的中心宗旨 - 并通过三个案例研究进行：诱导重力，热力学重力和纠缠重力。在这些中，可以从爱因斯坦磁场方程形式的一般相对性中恢复，这些元素可能是明显可实现的元素，或者至少是暗示功能的通用性质。如果在这里所说的那样，如果一般相对论可以继承这种多个可实现性，那么量子重力理论可以恢复一般相对论，而对所假定的微观结构完全错误。结果，一般相对论的恢复不能充当决定哪种值得追求的量子引力理论，尽管当然这在任何一个问题上都不是无关的，却不是无关紧要的。因此，例如，字符串理论中的一般相对性的恢复并不能保证世界上的尖刻说明在正确的轨道上。尽管弦理论家之间的观点相反。
Must a theory of quantum gravity have some truth to it if it can recover general relativity in some limit of the theory? This paper answers this question in the negative by indicating that general relativity is multiply realizable in quantum gravity. The argument is inspired by spacetime functionalism - multiple realizability being a central tenet of functionalism - and proceeds via three case studies: induced gravity, thermodynamic gravity, and entanglement gravity. In these, general relativity in the form of the Einstein field equations can be recovered from elements that are either manifestly multiply realizable or at least of the generic nature that is suggestive of functions. If general relativity, as argued here, can inherit this multiple realizability, then a theory of quantum gravity can recover general relativity while being completely wrong about the posited microstructure. As a consequence, the recovery of general relativity cannot serve as the ultimate arbiter that decides which theory of quantum gravity that is worthy of pursuit, even though it is of course not irrelevant either qua quantum gravity. Thus, the recovery of general relativity in string theory, for instance, does not guarantee that the stringy account of the world is on the right track; despite sentiments to the contrary among string theorists.
