论文标题
从区域流到带有自由滑动板的雷利 - 贝纳德对流中的对流掷骰
From zonal flow to convection rolls in Rayleigh-Bénard convection with free-slip plates
论文作者
论文摘要
使用直接数值模拟研究了带有自由滑动板的Rayleigh-Bénard(RB)对流和水平周期性边界条件。考虑了两种配置,一个是二维(2D)RB对流,另一个是一个平行于板的旋转轴的三维(3D)RB对流。我们探索瑞利号码的参数范围从$ 10^7到$ 10^9 $,Prandtl数字$ PR $从$ 1 $到$ 100 $。我们表明,例如Goluskin \ emph {et al}观察到的区域流。 \ emph {j。体液。 Mech。} 759,360-385(2014)对于$γ= 2 $,仅当$γ$小于临界值时,它才是稳定的,该值取决于$ ra $和$ pr $。随着$γ$的增加,我们发现了第二个制度,在该制度中,Zonal流量和不同对流状态在统计上都可以稳定。对于更大的$γ$,在第三个制度中,只有对流状态在统计上是稳定的,而区域流量不变。对于3D模拟,我们修复$ ra = 10^7 $和$ pr = 0.71 $,并比较流程 $γ= 8 $和$γ= 16 $。我们证明,随着宽高比$γ$的增加,纬向流,von hardenberg \ emph {et al}对小$γ=2π$观察到。 \ emph {phys。 Rev. Lett。} 15,134501(2015),以$γ= 16 $完全消失。对于如此大的$γ$,只有对流状态在统计上是稳定的。在这两者之间,对于中等长宽比$γ= 8 $,对流滚动状态和区域流状态均在统计上稳定。采取哪种状态取决于初始条件,就像我们在2D情况下一样。
Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) convection with free-slip plates and horizontally periodic boundary conditions is investigated using direct numerical simulations. Two configurations are considered, one is two-dimension (2D) RB convection and the other one three-dimension (3D) RB convection with a rotating axis parallel to the plate. We explore the parameter range of Rayleigh numbers Ra from $10^7 to $10^9$ and Prandtl numbers $Pr$ from $1$ to $100$. We show that zonal flow, which was observed, for example, by Goluskin \emph{et al}. \emph{J. Fluid. Mech.} 759, 360-385 (2014) for $Γ=2$, is only stable when $Γ$ is smaller than a critical value, which depends on $Ra$ and $Pr$. With increasing $Γ$, we find a second regime in which both zonal flow and different convection roll states can be statistically stable. For even larger $Γ$, in a third regime, only convection roll states are statistically stable and zonal flow is not sustained. For the 3D simulations, we fix $Ra=10^7$ and $Pr=0.71$, and compare the flow for $Γ=8$ and $Γ= 16$. We demonstrate that with increasing aspect ratio $Γ$, zonal flow, which was observed for small $Γ=2π$ by von Hardenberg \emph{et al}. \emph{Phys. Rev. Lett.} 15, 134501 (2015), completely disappears for $Γ=16$. For such large $Γ$ only convection roll states are statistically stable. In between, here for medium aspect ratio $Γ= 8$, the convection roll state and the zonal flow state are both statistically stable. What state is taken depends on the initial conditions, similarly as we found for the 2D case.