论文标题
弹跳宇宙学的矢量扰动
Vector perturbations in bouncing cosmology
论文作者
论文摘要
围绕弹跳模型的一个古老问题涉及其在矢量扰动下的稳定性。考虑到完美的流体或标量字段,向量扰动会以$ a^{ - 2} $的形式演变为$ a $是比例因子。因此,关于弹跳稳定性的明确答案取决于任意常数,因此没有确切的答案。在本文中,我们考虑了一种更普遍的情况,即原始材料介质是一种非理想的流体,其剪切粘度能够产生扭矩振荡,从而可以创造并动态维持沿宇宙进化的矢量扰动。在此框架中,可以设置矢量扰动具有量子机械起源,来自弹跳模型的远面量子真空波动,因为它是用标量和张量扰动完成的。在此处方下,可以在弹跳模型的整个历史中计算其演变,并精确地推断出它们在扩展阶段之前保持线性的条件。结果表明,这种线性条件对弹跳模型的自由参数施加了约束,尽管弹跳模型虽然微不足道,但允许很大的可能性。这种条件强加了矢量扰动在扩展阶段也不相关。结论是,在矢量扰动下,弹跳模型通常是稳定的。由于它们在标量和张量扰动下也是稳定的,因此我们得出结论,弹跳模型通常在扰动下稳定,源自其合同阶段的量子真空扰动。
An old question surrounding bouncing models concerns their stability under vector perturbations. Considering perfect fluids or scalar fields, vector perturbations evolve kinematically as $a^{-2}$, where $a$ is the scale factor. Consequently, a definite answer concerning the bounce stability depends on an arbitrary constant, therefore, there is no definitive answer. In this paper, we consider a more general situation where the primeval material medium is a non-ideal fluid, and its shear viscosity is capable of producing torque oscillations, which can create and dynamically sustain vector perturbations along cosmic evolution. In this framework, one can set that vector perturbations have a quantum mechanical origin, coming from quantum vacuum fluctuations in the far past of the bouncing model, as it is done with scalar and tensor perturbations. Under this prescription, one can calculate their evolution during the whole history of the bouncing model, and precisely infer the conditions under which they remain linear before the expanding phase. It is shown that such linearity conditions impose constraints on the free parameters of bouncing models, which are mild, although not trivial, allowing a large class of possibilities. Such conditions impose that vector perturbations are also not observationally relevant in the expanding phase. The conclusion is that bouncing models are generally stable under vector perturbations. As they are also stable under scalar and tensor perturbations, we conclude that bouncing models are generally stable under perturbations originated from quantum vacuum perturbations in the far past of their contracting phase.