论文标题
亚稳态的激活衰减：大小耗散的瞬时时间
Activated decay of a metastable state: Transient times for small and large dissipation
论文作者
论文摘要
考虑热激活衰减速率的时间演变。对于文献中讨论的最近讨论的纳米级实验，这种进化非常重要，该实验的潜在障碍相对较低（或温度相对较高）。单分子拉力是此类实验的一个例子。衰减过程是通过计算机求解随机（Langevin）方程式在本工作中建模的。总共获得了大约一百个高精度率并分析。率在远远超出障碍物的吸收点上注册，以排除反向散射对准衰变速率值的影响。提取了瞬态时间，即速率达到其排序值一半的时间流逝。将瞬态时间对阻尼参数的依赖性与反准衰减速率的依赖性。提出并分析了两个近似于数值率的时间依赖性的分析公式。
The time evolution of the thermally activated decay rates is considered. This evolution is of particular importance for the recent nanoscale experiments discussed in the literature, where the potential barrier is relatively low (or the temperature is relatively high). The single-molecule pulling is one example of such experiments. The decay process is modeled in the present work through computer solving the stochastic (Langevin) equations. Altogether about a hundred of high precision rates have been obtained and analyzed. The rates are registered at the absorption point located far beyond the barrier to exclude the influence of the backscattering on the value of the quasistationary decay rate. The transient time, i.e. the time lapse during which the rate attains half of its quasistationary value, has been extracted. The dependence of the transient times upon a damping parameter is compared with that of the inverse quasistationary decay rate. Two analytical formulas approximating the time-dependences of the numerical rates are proposed and analyzed.
