论文标题
极端主义意识形态是一种复杂的传染性：2005年至2017年美国极右翼激进化的传播
Extremist ideology as a complex contagion: the spread of far-right radicalization in the United States between 2005-2017
论文作者
论文摘要
极端极端主义的暴力越来越多，引起了公众对美国激进化的传播的关注。先前的研究表明，激进的个体被各种环境（或流行的）因素不稳定，暴露于极端主义意识形态，并随后由其社区成员加强。因此，激进化的传播可以通过社会传染过程进行，在社会传染过程中，极端主义意识形态的行为就像需要多次采用的复杂传染性。在这项研究中，我采用了一种流行病学方法，称为两组时代时空强度建模对来自2005年至2017年美国在美国暴露的416个极端极端主义者的数据中。结果表明，在美国需要增强传输的复杂触觉过程，美国在美国的极端激进化模式是一致的。社交媒体使用和团体成员资格都增强了极端主义意识形态的传播，这表明在线和身体组织仍然是极右翼运动的主要招聘工具。此外，我确定了几种流行因素，例如贫困，它们增加了特定地区的激进化概率。未来的研究应调查如何有效地实施特定的干预措施，例如在线反叙事，以减轻极端极端主义在美国的传播。
Increasing levels of far-right extremist violence have generated public concern about the spread of radicalization in the United States. Previous research suggests that radicalized individuals are destabilized by various environmental (or endemic) factors, exposed to extremist ideology, and subsequently reinforced by members of their community. As such, the spread of radicalization may proceed through a social contagion process, in which extremist ideologies behave like complex contagions that require multiple exposures for adoption. In this study, I applied an epidemiological method called two-component spatio-temporal intensity modeling to data from 416 far-right extremists exposed in the United States between 2005 and 2017. The results indicate that patterns of far-right radicalization in the United States are consistent with a complex contagion process, in which reinforcement is required for transmission. Both social media usage and group membership enhance the spread of extremist ideology, suggesting that online and physical organizing remain primary recruitment tools of the far-right movement. Additionally, I identified several endemic factors, such as poverty, that increase the probability of radicalization in particular regions. Future research should investigate how specific interventions, such as online counter-narratives to battle propaganda, may be effectively implemented to mitigate the spread of far-right extremism in the United States.
