论文标题
量子混沌一维系统淬灭后量子相变的特征
Signatures of quantum phase transitions after quenches in quantum chaotic one-dimensional systems
论文作者
论文摘要
量子相变是我们对为什么在非常低的温度下物质在微观参数变化时表现出明显不同的特性的核心。准确地定位这些过渡在实验和理论上都具有挑战性。在这里，我们表明，通过突然淬火迫使系统迫使系统脱离平衡的反对策略为定位量子相变的途径提供了途径。具体而言，我们表明，这种转变在中间时间动力学中具有独特的特征，以及在量子 - 偶然自旋链中局部可观察物的平衡后的结果。此外，我们表明，平衡后预期的热状态的有效温度可以在量子临界点附近显示最小值。我们讨论如何在Rydberg原子实验中测试结果，并探索具有拓扑跃迁模型中量子关键点的非平衡标志。
Quantum phase transitions are central to our understanding of why matter at very low temperatures can exhibit starkly different properties upon small changes of microscopic parameters. Accurately locating those transitions is challenging experimentally and theoretically. Here we show that the antithetic strategy of forcing systems out of equilibrium via sudden quenches provides a route to locate quantum phase transitions. Specifically, we show that such transitions imprint distinctive features in the intermediate-time dynamics, and results after equilibration, of local observables in quantum-chaotic spin chains. Furthermore, we show that the effective temperature in the expected thermal-like states after equilibration can exhibit minima in the vicinity of the quantum critical points. We discuss how to test our results in experiments with Rydberg atoms, and explore nonequilibrium signatures of quantum critical points in models with topological transitions.
