论文标题
非凸平滑游戏中的最优性和稳定性
Optimality and Stability in Non-Convex Smooth Games
论文作者
论文摘要
数十年来,已经研究了凸出孔隙功能的鞍点功能的关联点,而近年来,由于他们最近的广泛应用,近年来对非convex(零和零)平滑游戏的兴趣激增。这仍然是一个有趣的研究挑战,如何定义本地最佳点以及哪种算法可以融合到此类点。一个有趣的概念被称为局部最小点,它与广为人知的梯度下降算法密切相关。本文旨在对本地最小点进行全面分析,例如它们与其他解决方案概念及其最佳条件的关系。我们发现,在轻度的连续性假设下,局部鞍点可以视为一种特殊类型的局部最小点,称为局部最小值点。在(非凸)二次游戏中,我们表明(从某种意义上说)局部最小点等同于全球最小点。最后,我们研究了局部minimax点附近梯度算法的稳定性。尽管梯度算法可以在非脱位案例中收敛到本地/全球最小值点,但在一般情况下,它们通常会失败。这意味着在非凸平滑游戏中,新颖算法或超越鞍点和最小点的概念的必要性。
Convergence to a saddle point for convex-concave functions has been studied for decades, while recent years has seen a surge of interest in non-convex (zero-sum) smooth games, motivated by their recent wide applications. It remains an intriguing research challenge how local optimal points are defined and which algorithm can converge to such points. An interesting concept is known as the local minimax point, which strongly correlates with the widely-known gradient descent ascent algorithm. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of local minimax points, such as their relation with other solution concepts and their optimality conditions. We find that local saddle points can be regarded as a special type of local minimax points, called uniformly local minimax points, under mild continuity assumptions. In (non-convex) quadratic games, we show that local minimax points are (in some sense) equivalent to global minimax points. Finally, we study the stability of gradient algorithms near local minimax points. Although gradient algorithms can converge to local/global minimax points in the non-degenerate case, they would often fail in general cases. This implies the necessity of either novel algorithms or concepts beyond saddle points and minimax points in non-convex smooth games.