论文标题
核子和核中的Parton分布
Parton Distributions in Nucleons and Nuclei
论文作者
论文摘要
我们回顾了Parton分布函数（PDF）的当前状态（PDF）确定对非极化和纵向极化质子以及非偏振核的当前状态，该核是通过扰动量子染色体动力学（QCD）中的高能量强化耐药性散射探测的。我们介绍了既定的理论框架，实验信息以及任何现代PDF提取固有的方法论方面。此外，我们总结了PDF的当前知识，并讨论了它们的准确性和精确度的局限性，以促进我们对QCD质子子结构的理解，并追求我们在标准模型及其他方面对精度的追求。在这方面，我们重点介绍了各种成就，讨论PDF分析中的当代问题，并概述了未来的进步方向。
We review the current status of Parton Distribution Function (PDF) determinations for unpolarized and longitudinally polarized protons and for unpolarized nuclei, which are probed by high-energy hadronic scattering in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). We present the established theoretical framework, the experimental information, and the methodological aspects inherent to any modern PDF extraction. Furthermore, we summarize the present knowledge of PDFs and discuss their limitations in both accuracy and precision relevant to advance our understanding of QCD proton substructure and pursue our quest for precision in the Standard Model and beyond. In this respect, we highlight various achievements, discuss contemporary issues in PDF analyses, and outline future directions of progress.
