论文标题
机器人权利？让我们谈谈人类福利
Robot Rights? Let's Talk about Human Welfare Instead
论文作者
论文摘要
“机器人权利”辩论及其与“机器人责任”相关的问题援引了AI伦理中最两极分化的某些立场。尽管有些人倡导授予机器人权利与人类相提并论，而其他人则在一个鲜明的反对派中辩称，机器人不是应有的权利，而是应该是我们奴隶的对象。我们不仅在违反后的哲学基础上，不仅拒绝机器人的权利，而且要否认机器人，因为人类脱离和调解了人类，是可以授予权利的事物的种类。一旦我们将机器人视为人类的调解人，我们就可以理解“机器人权利”辩论如何集中在第一世界问题上，以牺牲紧急道德问题为代价，例如机器偏见，机器引起了人工劳动剥削和对隐私的侵蚀，所有影响社会最不受特权的人的影响。我们得出的结论是，如果人类是我们的起点和人类福利是主要问题，那么来自机械系统的负面影响，以及通过设计，销售和部署此类机器的人缺乏责任，仍然是AI中最紧迫的道德讨论。
The 'robot rights' debate, and its related question of 'robot responsibility', invokes some of the most polarized positions in AI ethics. While some advocate for granting robots rights on a par with human beings, others, in a stark opposition argue that robots are not deserving of rights but are objects that should be our slaves. Grounded in post-Cartesian philosophical foundations, we argue not just to deny robots 'rights', but to deny that robots, as artifacts emerging out of and mediating human being, are the kinds of things that could be granted rights in the first place. Once we see robots as mediators of human being, we can understand how the `robots rights' debate is focused on first world problems, at the expense of urgent ethical concerns, such as machine bias, machine elicited human labour exploitation, and erosion of privacy all impacting society's least privileged individuals. We conclude that, if human being is our starting point and human welfare is the primary concern, the negative impacts emerging from machinic systems, as well as the lack of taking responsibility by people designing, selling and deploying such machines, remains the most pressing ethical discussion in AI.
